Tear film

Question 1

The tears are a mixture of secretions from the _ and _

Answer 1

Main Lacrimal gland, accessory lacrimal gland and goblet cells & meibomion glands

Question 2

The tears film contains a high concentration of

Answer 2

Proteins

Question 3

The tear film is made up of _, _ and _

Answer 3

Albumin, lysozyme, and ganna globulin

Question 4

The average ph of the tears _

Answer 4

7.4

Question 5

The the three layers of the tear film are the _ layer, the _ layer and the _ layer

Answer 5

Superficial lipid, middle aqueous, mucin

Question 6

The superficial lipid (oil) layer of the tear film is from the secretions of the _ and _

Answer 6

Meibumian glands, glands of Zeis

Question 7

The _ prevents evaporation of the aqueous layer of the tear film

Answer 7

Lipid layer

Question 8

The middle aqueous layer of the tear film is secreted by the _ and _

Answer 8

Main lacrimal and accessory lacrimal

Question 9

The _ layer of tear film contains lysozyme that is an antibacterial agent and antibodies ( predominantly immunoglobulin igA) that assist in bacterial invasion

Answer 9

Aqueous

Question 10

The mucin layer of the tear film is secreted by the _ in the conjunctiva

Answer 10

Goblet cells

Question 11

The _ of the tear film is partially absorbed by the corneal epithelium providing a hydrophilic ( water attracting) surface for the aqueous tears to spread on

Answer 11

Mucin layer

Question 12

Dry eyes are medically termed as

Answer 12

Keratoconjunctnitis sicca

Question 13

The_ secrete enough tears to keep the cornea wet under most circumstances and the _ secretes enough you help cover stressful circumstances such as drying from exposure to hot air, corneal injuries, foreign bodies and emotional upsets

Answer 13

Main & accessory lacrimal glands , main lacrimal gland

Question 14

Two tests for measuring tear function are

Answer 14

Schirmer and tear break up time - TBUT

Question 15

Aqueous deficiency is the most common tear film problem and is treated with

Answer 15

Artificial tear

Question 16

The _ is a thin transparent mucous membranes lining the inner surface of the eyelids and the globe

Answer 16

Conjunctiva

Question 17

The conjunctiva

Answer 17

Helps protect the eye from bacteria and produces the mucus layer of the tear film

Question 18

The _ form a transitional area between the bulbar and palpebral conjunctiva

Answer 18

Superior & inferior fornices

Question 19

The part of the conjunctiva that lines the inner lids is the _ conjunctiva

Answer 19

Palpebral

Question 20

The part that covers the the globe is called the _ conjunctiva

Answer 20

Bulbar

Question 21

The conjunctiva is composed of two layers , _ layer and the ___ layer

Answer 21

Epithelium, adenoid and fibrous

Question 22

The goblet cells that secrete mucus into the tear film are in the _ layer of the conjunctiva

Answer 22

Epithelium

Question 23

The _ deep layer is composed of blood vessels, nerves, glands, and compacted connective tissues containing Mueller’s muscle

Answer 23

Fibrous

Question 24

The accessory lacrimal glands are located in the _-

Answer 24

Fibrous layer of the conjunctiva

Question 25

The blood supply of the _ conjunctiva comes from the peripheral and marginal arterial arcades of the eyelid

Answer 25

Palpebral

Question 26

The blood supply of the _ conjunctiva comes from the only the peripheral arterial arcade and extends within 4mm of the limbus and anterior ciliary Arties

Answer 26

Bulbar

Question 27

The anterior ciliary arteries from superficial conjunctival and deep episcleral _ ( network of vessel) at the limbus that when inflamed is known as the ciliary flush

Answer 27

Pericorneal

Question 28

The bulbar conjunctival vessels are dilated in inflammations of the

Answer 28

Bulbar conjunctiva

Question 29

The superficial conjunctival peri-corneal plexus is infected in inflammation of the

Answer 29

Cornea

Question 30

The deep episcleral peri-corneal plexus is injected in inflammations of the

Answer 30

Iris and Ciliary body and in angle closure glaucoma

Question 31

The conjunctiva is innervated by the 1st and 2nd division of the_ cranial nerve

Answer 31

5th, trigeminal

Question 32

The _ is transparent avascular tissue that functions as a refracting and protective membrane

Answer 32

Cornea

Question 33

The corneal refractive power is equivalent to a _ diopter lens, which is about _ of the total refracting power of the eye ( 60 diopter)

Answer 33

+43 , 70%

Question 34

The average adult cornea is _ thick at the periphery __ thick in the center and __ in diameter

Answer 34

1mm, 0.5 to 0.6 , 11.5

Question 35

The corneal growth in humans is complete at about _

Answer 35

6 years of age

Question 36

The layers of the cornea from anterior to posterior are

Answer 36

Epithelium, bowmans layer, stroma, dua’s layers, descemets membrane, endothelium

Question 37

The _ regenerates when damaged and restricts passage of fluid to maintain transparency

Answer 37

Epithelium

Question 38

The cornea is innervated by the __ specifically the nasocililary branch that enters the stroma and branch to the epithelium

Answer 38

1st division of the trigeminal nerve

Question 39

_ is collagen zone not containing cells that is a barrier to microorganisms and does not regenerate if damaged, leaving scar

Answer 39

Bowman’s layers

Question 40

The _ makes up 90% of the total corneal thickness

Answer 40

Stroma

Question 41

The stroma is made up of __ in bundles arranged in a lamellar pattern parallel to the corneal surface, maintaining corneal transparency

Answer 41

Collagen fibrals

Question 42

The new layer of cornea was recently discovered called the _ . It is between the stroma and descemet’s membrane

Answer 42

Dua’s layers

Question 43

__ is a true basement membrane secreted by the underlying endothelium that is tough and resistant to penetration and can get folds in it during hypotony

Answer 43

Descemet’s membrane

Question 44

The _ is a single layer of hexagonal cells that get its oxygen from the aqueous and pumps waste and fluid from the stroma, keeping the cornea in a normal dehydrated state. The cells do not regenerate.

Answer 44

Endothelium