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sclera and lens > eye > Flashcards

eye Flashcards

1
Q

the protective layer of the globe consists of the

A

sclera and the cornea

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2
Q

where the sclera meets the cornea is the

A

limbus

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3
Q

the middle nourishing layer of the globe is the

A

uvea

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4
Q

the three parts of the uveal tract are

A

iris ciliary body and choroid

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5
Q

the uvea contains pigment called

A

melanin

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6
Q

the _ is the most anterior part of the uvea that is the moving diaphragm of the eye

A

iris

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7
Q

the _ lies between the iris and choroid containing the ciliary muscle and ciliary process

A

ciliary body

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8
Q

The _ controls our ability to accommodate change our focus from near to distance

A

ciliary muscle

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9
Q

The _ produces aqueous humor

A

ciliary processes

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10
Q

_ is a watery clear fluid that fills the anterior chamber maintaining intraocular pressure

A

aqueous humor

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11
Q

_ is the clear jelly-like substance in the posterior chamber supporting the eye

A

vitereous

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12
Q

the _ is a biconvex transparent structure sitting behind the pupil that refracts light

A

crystalline

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13
Q

the inner most nervous receptor layer of the globe is the

A

retina

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14
Q

the retina contains visual receptors called _ which take light energy and convert it into nerve impulses that are transmitted by neurons through the optic nerve fibers to the center in the brain for perception

A

rods and cones

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15
Q

_ is the connective tissue surrounding the globe and extraocular muscle, allowing the eye to move freely and not get hung up on the fat surrounding it.

A

tenon’s capsule

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16
Q

the normal anterior-posterior diameter of the eye is

A

24mm

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17
Q

the _ includes the orbit, extraocular muscles eyelids and tear-producing and tear-draining lacrimal apparatus

A

adnexa

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18
Q

the _ is the bony cavity in the skull where the globe, extraocular muscles, blood vessels, and nerve sit

A

orbit

19
Q

the orbit is surrounded by the

A

sinuses

20
Q

the main bones in the orbital roof are the_ bones and the _ bone where the optic canal ( and nerve) pass through

A

frontal, lesser wing of sphenoid

21
Q

the _ is found in a groove towards the lateral front of the roof

A

lacrimal gland

22
Q

the main bones of the orbital lateral wall are the _ bone, and the _ (malor) bone

A

greater wing of sphenoid, zygumatic

23
Q

The _ bone is the strongest part of the bony orbit

A

zygomatic

24
Q

the main bone in the orbital floor is the __ bone where blow out fractures usually occur. The floor also includes the _ bone

A

maxilla, palatine

25
Q

the main medial wall orbital bones are the__ bone which is paper thin and the _ bone

A

ethmoid, lacrimal

26
Q

The _ is a thin sheet of fibrous membrane that goes from the orbital rim to the tarsus in both lids that prevents the spread of infection and holds back orbital fat behind it

A

orbital septum

27
Q

the optic nerve, ophthalmic artery, and sympathetic nerves enter the orbit through the

A

optic foramen

28
Q

the _ branches from the internal carotid artery in the neck and enters the optic nerve becoming the central retinal artery. It also branches to the lacrimal gland, posterior ciliary arteries, eyelids, and extraocular muscles.

A

ophthalmic artery

29
Q

the _ leaves the optic nerve behind the artery and joins the superior ophthalmic vein that exits through the superior orbital fissure

A

central retinal vein

30
Q

the superior ophthalmic vein drains into the _ which is a large vein that sits behind the superior orbital fissure

A

cavernous sinus

31
Q

the _ are divided into two upper and two lower veins in each quadrant of the eye and drain the choroid, lacrimal and EOM veins.

A

vortex veins

32
Q

the _ of the orbit is the entry for all nerves and vessels to the eye and origin of most of the extraocular muscles

A

apex

33
Q

the origin of the extraocular muscles except the inferior oblique, is also called

A

annulus of zin

34
Q

the cranial nerves enter the eye through the _ after passing through the cavernous sinus

A

superior orbital fissure

35
Q

three nerves travel outside the annulus of Zinn and are the

A

lacrimal, frontal, and trochlear nerves

36
Q

the three nerves that travel within the annulus of Zinn are the

A

oculamoter, abducens, nasociliary nerves

37
Q

the 1st division of the trigeminal nerve divides into _ nerve for tears, the _ nerve for brow and forehead sensation, and the _ nerve for the near reaction ( accommodation, convergence, and constriction of the pupil) and branches to the cornea and near tip of the nose.

A

lacrimal, frontal, nasociliary

38
Q

the 2nd ( maxillary) division of the trigeminal nerve supplies sensation to the lower lid and cheek and can be damaged in __ also known as __

A

fractures of the orbital floor, blow out fractures

39
Q

the 2nd division of the trigeminal nerve enters the orbit through the _ that tunnels forward to the __ in the maxillary bone

A

inferior orbital fissure, inferior orbtial foreman

40
Q

it is thought that the inferior ophthalmic vein leaves the orbit through the inferior orbital fissure and drains

A

below the orbital floor

41
Q

the _ nerve is the longest nerve and innervates the superior oblique muscle

A

trochlear

42
Q

the _ nerve innervates the levator muscle, inferior oblique, superior- medial- and inferior rectus muscles, and ciliary ganglion for the near response also

A

oculormotor

43
Q

the _ nerve innervates the lateral rectus muscle

A

abaucens

44
Q

tool to remember nerve to extraocular muscle innervation

A

LR6 sO4, rest 3

sclera and lens (5 decks)

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