Teaching with Isi Flashcards
LMN + UMN signs causes
Cerebellar
MLS
MS
Symptoms of cerebellar pathology
DANISH
Causes of cerebellar pathology
PASTRIES
Paraneoplastic
Autoimmune
Stroke
Truam
R
Infection
Ethanol
Sclerosis
Which tract takes neurons to the CN
Corticobulbar tract - it is ipsilateral
At the midbrain, you have ipsilateral signs due to nuclei being affected, but contralateral motor tract
Pyramidal vs extrapyramidal
extrapyramidal = dopamine tracts, pyramidal
Forehead sparing = which nerve palsy
Forehead sparing = UMN
Forehead affected = LMN
Nasolabial fold = reduced
Can’t smile or bear teeth
No pronator drift
Pyramidal tract lesion or muscle weakness
Hypotonia
Nystagmus
UMN problem causes
Stroke
Trauma
Infection - TB, meningitis
Inflammation - sarcoid, amyloid
Malignancy
UMN = which part of the body
Brain and spine up until anterior horn cells
LMN at antieror horn cell - causes
Polio
AMLS
West nile virus
Fasciculations = sign of?
Dying anterior horn cells
Cause of atrophy in UMN and LMN pathology
Downregulation of muscle protein production causes muscle wasting in LMN atrophy
In UMN atrophy it is due to lack of use
What is Brown Sequard syndrome
Half of the spinal cord is affected
so ipsilateral loss of fine touch, vibration and proprioception, and then contralateral loss of pain and temperature and crude touch
Describe the anatomy of the SC from 12 o clock to 6 o clock
Dorsal column (legs medially)
Corticospinal motor tracts
Lateral spinothalamic tract
Anterior spinothalamic tract
Where does the ST tract synapse, and what sensations do the spinothalamic tracts carry
Crosses at the SC and then travels ipsilaterally
Lateral - pain and temp
Anterior - crude touch
Where does the DC synapse
Ipsilaterally, then crosses at medulla
A lesion on the left side of the spinal cord will cause what problems
Contralateral loss of pain and temp
Ipsilateral loss of fine touch and propriocention and vibration
Name two spinal cord problems
Central cord syndrome
Symptoms of central cord syndrome
Unable to move arms (man in a barrel)
Causes of central cord syndrome
Hyperextension of the neck
Name a serious complication of a spinal cord pathology
Autonomous dysreflexia- where NA is released
