Teacher centered philosophies/ Student centered philosophies

Question 1

essentialism

Answer 1

Essentialism in education asserts that common and essential ideas and skills belonging to a certain culture should be taught to all citizens at the same level at especially primary school level. To do this, the teacher’s authority in the classroom is emphasised and the subject matter is the centre of the curriculum.

Question 2

behaviorism

Answer 2

Behaviorism is a learning theory that only focuses on objectively observable behaviors and discounts any independent activities of the mind. Behavior theorists define learning as nothing more than the acquisition of new behavior based on environmental conditions.

Question 3

positivism

Answer 3

Positivism is the term used to describe an approach to the study of society that relies specifically on scientific evidence, such as experiments and statistics, to reveal a true nature of how society operates

Question 4

progressivism

Answer 4

Progressivism revolves around the students’ needs, including teaching students to be good citizens as well as good learners, a concept known as focusing on the whole child

Question 5

humanism

Answer 5

who emphasized nature and the basic goodness of humans, understanding through the senses, and education as a gradual and unhurried process in which the development of human character follows the unfolding of nature

Question 6

construtivism

Answer 6

Constructivism is a philosophy of learning founded on the premise that, by reflecting on our experiences, we construct our own understanding of the world we live in. Each of us generates our own “rules” and “mental models,” which we use to make sense of our experiences