philosophers

Question 1

Socrates

Answer 1

contribution: focus on teaching the techniques of rational thought and to emphasize the importance of questioning dogma and authority
philosophy: believed that knowledge was the ultimate virtue, best used to help people improve their lives

Question 2

Erasmus

Answer 2

contribution: Intellectual scholar
philosophy: He embraced the humanistic belief in an individual’s capacity for self-improvement and the fundamental role of education in raising human beings above the level of brute animals

Question 3

John Locke

Answer 3

contribution: an essay concerning human understanding
philosophy: believed the purpose of education was to produce an individual with a sound mind in a sound body so as to better serve his country

Question 4

Frederich Forebel

Answer 4

contribution: was a pioneer of the kindergarten system and influenced the growth of the manual training movement in education
philosophy: believed that humans are essentially productive and creative – and fulfilment comes through developing these in harmony with God and the world

Question 5

B.F Skinner

Answer 5

contribution: behavioral theory
philosophy: radical behaviorism

Question 6

Lev Vygotsky

Answer 6

contribution: sociocultural theory
philosophy: he believed the social aspect is very important and is a continuous process

Question 7

Robert Havighurst

Answer 7

contribution: Havighurst theory
philosophy: he believes that there are stages to life and to be able to move to the next stage you need to complete the previous one

Question 8

Jean Piaget

Answer 8

contribution: 4 Stages of cognitive development
philosophy: he believed genetics as well as nature made up a person

Question 9

Jerome Bruner

Answer 9

contribution: Jerome Bruner educational theory
philosophy: he belived learning and life are a continous action with no stages

Question 10

Benjamin Bloom

Answer 10

contribution: Taxonomy of education
philosophy: he belived in higher level thinking and mastery learning

Question 11

Fredrick Douglass

Answer 11

contribution: he helped to abolish slavery and loved learning and new education
philosophy: resistance and integration

Question 12

Booker T. Washington

Answer 12

contribution: he created a labratory school for philosophy for african americans
philosophy: he claimed that African Americans could advance through hard work without segregating

Question 13

Maria Montessori

Answer 13

contribution: she created the school system we use today
philosophy: nurture a child’s natural desire for knowledge understanding and respect

Question 14

Ella Flagg Young

Answer 14

contribution: She developed a reform for the educational system in the industrialization era
philosophy: made a voice for students and teachers

Question 15

John Dewey

Answer 15

contribution: co-founded a school for philosophy as well as was part of the progressive movement
philosophy: his naturalistic approach is based on the thought that they adapt to its surroundings