TDMS--Vascular System (CH 8) Flashcards
What is the inner layer of the typical artery?
tunica intima
What is the middle layer of the typical artery?
tunica media
What is the external layer of the typical artery?
tunica adventitia
What comprises the tiny arteries and veins that supply the walls of blood vesses?
vasa vasorum
What are hollow elastic tubes that carry blood away from the heart?
arteries
What are hollow collapsible tubes with diminished tunica media that carry blood toward the heart?
veins
Do veins or arteries have a larger diameter?
veins
What is the largest principle artery of the body?
aorta
What are the five main sections of the aorta?
1) root of the aorta
2) ascending aorta and arch
3) descending aorta
4) abdominal aorta and abdominal aortic branches
5) bifurcation of the aorta into iliac arteries
What is the typical diameter of the aorta supraceliac?
[Table 8.1, p178,9th ed.]
men: 2.5-2.7 cm
women: 2.1-2.3cm
What is the diameter of the aorta infrarenal?
[Table 8.1, p178,9th ed.]
men: 2.0-2.4 cm
women: 1.7-2.2 cm
What is the diameter of the common iliac artery?
[Table 8.1, p178,9th ed.]
men: 1.1-1.5 cm
women:1.0-1.3 cm
What is the diameter of the common femoral artery?
[Table 8.1, p178,9th ed.]
men: 0.9-1.2 cm
women: 0.8-1.0 cm
What arises from the celiac trunk and courses to the right of the abdomen at almost a 90-degree angle?
common hepatic artery
What arises from the anterior abdominal aortic wall approx. 1cm inferior to the celiac trunk
superior mesenteric artery
What are the five main branches of the SMA?
[bottom p180, 9th ed]
inferior pancreatic artery
duodenal artery
colic artery
ileocolic artery
intestinal artery
IVC ____ with breathing
Aorta _____ with breathing
contract, stays the same
What arises from the anterior abdominal aorta approx. at the level of the third or fourth lumbar?
inferior mesenteric artery
What are the three main branches of the inferior mesenteric artery?
[p184, 9th ed]
left colic
sigmoid
superior rectal arteries
What passes posterior to the renal vein before entering the renal hilus?
right renal artery
What courses from the aorta directly into the hilus of the left kidney?
left renal artery
What occurs when the arterial vascular system becomes thick and stiff leading to blood flow restriction to the organs and tissues in the body?
arteriosclerosis
What is a specific form of arteriosclerosis where the buildup of fats, cholesterol, and other substances within the arterial wall can restrict blood flow?
atherosclerosis
What is a localized dilation of the abdominal aorta usually greater than 3 cm in diameter or more than 1.5 times the diameter of the proximal aorta?
abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA)
What is communication between two blood vessels without any intervening capillary network?
anastomosis
What are minute vessels that connect the arterial and venous systems?
capillaries
What is the periportal collateral channels in patients with chronic portal vein obstruction?
cavernous transformation of the portal vein