TCA and Electron Transport Chain Flashcards
What is the purpose of the TCA cycle?
To release the energy stored in the carbon group via aerobic respiration
What is the purpose of the electron transport chain?
Oxidative phosphorylation which is the process of producing ATP using the energy released from the oxidation of nutrients
Which steps in the TCA cycle produce coenzymes?
Steps 3,4,6, and 8
Which steps in the TCA cycle produce ATP?
Step 5
Which steps in the TCA cycle produce CO2?
Steps 3 and 4
What is the total number of products produced per each turn of the TCA cycle?
3 NADH, 1 FADH2, 1 ATP, and 2 CO2
How is pyruvate dehydrogenase inhibited and activated?
Pyruvate dehydrogenase is inhibited by high energy molecules and it is activated by low energy molecules
Which steps of the TCA cycle are regulated?
Steps 1,3 and 4
What are the substrates and products of Complex I?
Substrate: NADH
Products: NAD+ and H+
What are the substrates and products of Complex II?
Substrate: FADH2 and COQ
What are the substrates and products of Complex IV?
Substrate: O2
Products: H20 and H+
What are the links between the TCA cycle and the electron transport chain?
The TCA cycle produces NADH and FADH2 which carries electrons to the ETC. The electrons from NADH and FADH2 are transferred through the ETC which pumps protons across the mitochondrial membrane to create a proton gradient. The proton gradient drives ATP synthesis by ATP synthase in the process of oxidative phosphorylation. The oxidation of NADH and FADH2 in the ETC regenerates NAD+ and FAD for the TCA cycle to continue.
Why are NADH and FADH2 considered high energy molecules?
NADH and FADH2 are considered high energy molecules because they store and carry electrons that have the potential to be used for ATP production
