TBI: Social Cognition Flashcards
Where does DAI effect in the brain?
Brainstem, corpus callosum, and the grey-white matter junctions of the cerebral cortex
What are the implications of DAI-mediated disruptions to brain regions? (and which researchers showed this?)
Disrupts connections between subcortical and frontal systems (Kennedy et al., 2009) and possibly between the somatosensory and motor cortex (Green, Turner, & Thompson, 2004).
Which regions are particularly vulnerable to TBI and what are the implications of this?
Ventromedial and orbital frontal lobes are highly vulnerable in TBI
Many psychosocial problems
What is social cognition?
Enables us to predict the behaviour of others, share experiences and communicate effectively
What is the history of involvement of social cognition following TBI?
In 1978, Lezak described impaired capacity for social perceptiveness as a key feature of the characterological changes seen post TBI
How do we know that frontal regions impact social cognition (who)?
Individuals with discrete frontal lesions from trauma or other pathology often present with social functioning that is disproportionately impaired relative to intellect (e.g., Blair & Cipolotti, 2000).
What evidence shows that social cognition is impacted in TBI (who?)
Spikman et al., 2012 investigated different aspects of social cognition on 28 patients with chronic TBI using different neuropsychological tests.
They found that TBI patients performed worse on all tests and especially in emotion recognition.
What are lesions in prefrontal area associated with?
Degree of emotional perception deficit i.e. ability to recognize emotional facial expressions.
What do lesions in the ventromedial areas show?
Patients with focal ventromedial lesions were impaired on a task requiring the matching of drawings of social situations to drawings of emotions expressed in faces, body postures, or gestures.
