TBI

Question 1

how can we classify TBI

Answer 1

glascow coma scale

Question 2

what is the glascow coma scale

Answer 2

rates the following behaviors:
-eye opening response
-verbal response
-motor response

Question 3

what is the mild TBI GCS score

Answer 3

13-15

Question 4

what is the moderate GCS score

Answer 4

9-12

Question 5

what is the severe GCS score

Answer 5

3-8

Question 6

describe mild TBI

Answer 6

brief if any loss of consciousness
vomitting and dizziness
lethargy
memory loss

Question 7

describe moderate TBI

Answer 7

unconscious up to 24h
signs of brain trauma
contusions of bleeding
signs of injury on neuroimaging

Question 8

describe severe TBI

Answer 8

unconsciousness exceeding 24h
no sleep/wake cycle during LOC
signs of injury on neuroimaging

Question 9

true or false: TBI has both primary and secondary complications

Answer 9

true

Question 10

what are the goals of early medical management

Answer 10

stabilize medical condition
treat other injuries
reduce intracranial pressure

Question 11

what are some secondary complications

Answer 11

increased intracranial pressure
malnutrition
decreased cognitive function
agitations
complications from intubation

Question 12

what are disorders of consciousness

Answer 12

coma
vegetative state
minimally conscious state

Question 13

define coma

Answer 13

eyes closed
no sleep/wake cycle

Question 14

define vegetative state

Answer 14

inability to interact with others, but capacity for spontaneous arousal or response to stimuli

sleep/wake cycle

Question 15

define minimally conscious state

Answer 15

inconsistently follows simple commands

inconsistently has intelligible verbalization

inconsistently moves or has emotional response triggered by response

Question 16

what is the rancho los amigos

Answer 16

rates TBI

Question 17

what is R1

Answer 17

no response
total assistance
coma

Question 18

what is R2

Answer 18

generalized response, total response

vegetative state

reacts inconsistently not directly to stimuli

Question 19

what is R3

Answer 19

localized response; total assistance
reacts inconsistently to stimuli
head may turn toward a sound
may follow simple commands

Question 20

what is R4

Answer 20

confused, agitated, maximal assistance

agitated

hyperactive w/ bizarre and non-purposeful behavior

Question 21

what is R5

Answer 21

confused, inappropriate, nonagitated, maximal assistance

not oriented to time place or time

increase in following and responding to simple commands

memory is severely impaired

behavior and verbalizations are severely impaired

Question 22

what is R6

Answer 22

confused, appropriate, moderate assistance

able to follow simple commands

increased self awareness

able to relearn routine activities

remote battery is better

Question 23

what is R7

Answer 23

automatic appropriate minimal assistance for daily living skills

attendance for 30min

strengths w/ self monitoring

lack of judgement and insight

Question 24

what is R8

Answer 24

independent at home
starting to show awareness
able to use assistive memory devices
improvement of memory

Question 25

what is R9

Answer 25

standby assistance on request
able to shift between tasks
able to use compensatory strategies

unable to independently anticipate challenges

Question 26

what is R10

Answer 26

modified independent
able to multi-task
create own methods and tools
anticipates challenges
make decisions and act appropriately

Question 27

what can SLPs do for TBI

Answer 27

sensory stimulation
cognitive and linguistic therapy
dysphagia treatment
increase self-awareness

Question 28

what are pre injury factors impacting the outcome of TBI

Answer 28

age
social adjustment
neurological integrity
knowledge base

Question 29

what are some post-injury factors

Answer 29

early medical attention
early rehabilitation
long term supports
motivation

Question 30

true or false: biochemical changes lead to symptoms of a concussion

Answer 30

true

Question 31

what are symptoms of mild TBI

Answer 31

headache, dizziness, sensitivity to light

impulsivity, lack of imitation

attention problems, trouble remembering

Question 32

what is a mild TBI

Answer 32

traumatically induced disruption of brain function

any loss of consciousness, any loss of memory, any change in neurological state

Question 33

for mTBI, what are the risk factors for prolonged recovery

Answer 33

age
history of concussions
history of ADHD
history of mental health disorders
history of migraines
females
history of learning disorders

Question 34

how do we create personalized education for mTBI

Answer 34

create positive experiences
increase awareness
normalize observations
empowerment

Question 35

what is post-concussion syndrome

Answer 35

onset of symptoms shortly after injury

symptoms must last more than 3 months

presence of cognitive impairment

Question 36

what does treatment look like for PCS

Question 37

what is different about the interview for pediatric TBI?

Answer 37

ask about developmental milestones

speech and language history prior to injury

Question 38

selection and training assistive technology

Answer 38

identifying acquiring and teaching the use of tools and devices that help individuals with disabilities perform tasks more independently

Question 39

direct training of cognitive process

Answer 39

structured intervention targeted to improve specific cognitive functions such as memory, attention, problem-solving, and executive functioning

Question 40

measurement of PTA

Answer 40

post traumatic amnesia

through standardized tools to determine the duration and extent of memory loss

Question 41

SLP role in schools

Answer 41

identification and monitoring
assessment
intervention and support
collaboration
family and student education
prevention + awareness