TBI Flashcards

1
Q

how can we classify TBI

A

glascow coma scale

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2
Q

what is the glascow coma scale

A

rates the following behaviors:
-eye opening response
-verbal response
-motor response

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3
Q

what is the mild TBI GCS score

A

13-15

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4
Q

what is the moderate GCS score

A

9-12

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5
Q

what is the severe GCS score

A

3-8

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6
Q

describe mild TBI

A

brief if any loss of consciousness
vomitting and dizziness
lethargy
memory loss

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7
Q

describe moderate TBI

A

unconscious up to 24h
signs of brain trauma
contusions of bleeding
signs of injury on neuroimaging

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8
Q

describe severe TBI

A

unconsciousness exceeding 24h
no sleep/wake cycle during LOC
signs of injury on neuroimaging

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9
Q

true or false: TBI has both primary and secondary complications

A

true

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10
Q

what are the goals of early medical management

A

stabilize medical condition
treat other injuries
reduce intracranial pressure

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11
Q

what are some secondary complications

A

increased intracranial pressure
malnutrition
decreased cognitive function
agitations
complications from intubation

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12
Q

what are disorders of consciousness

A

coma
vegetative state
minimally conscious state

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13
Q

define coma

A

eyes closed
no sleep/wake cycle

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14
Q

define vegetative state

A

inability to interact with others, but capacity for spontaneous arousal or response to stimuli

sleep/wake cycle

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15
Q

define minimally conscious state

A

inconsistently follows simple commands

inconsistently has intelligible verbalization

inconsistently moves or has emotional response triggered by response

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16
Q

what is the rancho los amigos

A

rates TBI

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17
Q

what is R1

A

no response
total assistance
coma

18
Q

what is R2

A

generalized response, total response

vegetative state

reacts inconsistently not directly to stimuli

19
Q

what is R3

A

localized response; total assistance
reacts inconsistently to stimuli
head may turn toward a sound
may follow simple commands

20
Q

what is R4

A

confused, agitated, maximal assistance

agitated

hyperactive w/ bizarre and non-purposeful behavior

21
Q

what is R5

A

confused, inappropriate, nonagitated, maximal assistance

not oriented to time place or time

increase in following and responding to simple commands

memory is severely impaired

behavior and verbalizations are severely impaired

22
Q

what is R6

A

confused, appropriate, moderate assistance

able to follow simple commands

increased self awareness

able to relearn routine activities

remote battery is better

23
Q

what is R7

A

automatic appropriate minimal assistance for daily living skills

attendance for 30min

strengths w/ self monitoring

lack of judgement and insight

24
Q

what is R8

A

independent at home
starting to show awareness
able to use assistive memory devices
improvement of memory

25
what is R9
standby assistance on request able to shift between tasks able to use compensatory strategies unable to independently anticipate challenges
26
what is R10
modified independent able to multi-task create own methods and tools anticipates challenges make decisions and act appropriately
27
what can SLPs do for TBI
sensory stimulation cognitive and linguistic therapy dysphagia treatment increase self-awareness
28
what are pre injury factors impacting the outcome of TBI
age social adjustment neurological integrity knowledge base
29
what are some post-injury factors
early medical attention early rehabilitation long term supports motivation
30
true or false: biochemical changes lead to symptoms of a concussion
true
31
what are symptoms of mild TBI
headache, dizziness, sensitivity to light impulsivity, lack of imitation attention problems, trouble remembering
32
what is a mild TBI
traumatically induced disruption of brain function any loss of consciousness, any loss of memory, any change in neurological state
33
for mTBI, what are the risk factors for prolonged recovery
age history of concussions history of ADHD history of mental health disorders history of migraines females history of learning disorders
34
how do we create personalized education for mTBI
create positive experiences increase awareness normalize observations empowerment
35
what is post-concussion syndrome
onset of symptoms shortly after injury symptoms must last more than 3 months presence of cognitive impairment
36
what does treatment look like for PCS
37
what is different about the interview for pediatric TBI?
ask about developmental milestones speech and language history prior to injury
38
selection and training assistive technology
identifying acquiring and teaching the use of tools and devices that help individuals with disabilities perform tasks more independently
39
direct training of cognitive process
structured intervention targeted to improve specific cognitive functions such as memory, attention, problem-solving, and executive functioning
40
measurement of PTA
post traumatic amnesia through standardized tools to determine the duration and extent of memory loss
41
SLP role in schools
identification and monitoring assessment intervention and support collaboration family and student education prevention + awareness