TBI Flashcards
Mild TBI characteristics
LOC: 0-30 min
Alteration of consciousness: brief; < 24 hours
Posttraumatic amnesia: < 1 day
Glasgow Coma Scale: 13-15
Imaging: normal
moderate TBI characteristics
LOC: >30 min but < 24 hours
Alteration of consciousness: > 24 hours
Posttraumatic amnesia: > 1 but < 7 days
Glasgow Coma Scale: 9-12
Imaging: normal or abnormal
severe TBI characteristics
LOC: > 24 hours
Alteration of consciousness: > 24 hours
Posttraumatic amnesia: > 7 days
Glasgow Coma Scale: <9
Imaging: normal or abnormal
Rancho Los Amigos Level 1
no response
Rancho Los Amigos Level 2
generalized response - pt reacts to external stimuli in nonspecific, inconsistent, and nonpurposeful manner w/ stereotypic and limited responses
Rancho Los Amigos Level 3
localized response - pt repsonds specifically and inconsistently w/ delays to stimuli but may follow simple commands for motor action
Rancho Los Amigos Level 4
confused, agitated - pt exhibits bizarre, nonpurposeful, incoherent/inappropriate behaviors, has no short-term recall, attention is short and nonselective
Rancho Los Amigos Level 5
confused, inappropriate, nonagitated response - pt gives random, fragmented, and nonpurposeful responses to complex or unstructured stimuli.
simple commands are followed consistently, memory and selective attention are impaired, and new information is not retained
Rancho Los Amigos Level 6
confused, appropriate response - pt gives context appropriate, goal-directed responses, dependent upon external input for direction.
There is carry over for relearned, but not new tasks, and recent memory problems persist
Rancho Los Amigos Level 7
automatic, appropriate response - pt behaves appropriately in familiar settings, performs daily routines automatically, and shows carryover for new learning at lower than normal rates.
Pt initiates social interactions, but judgement remains impaired
Rancho Los Amigos Level 8
purposeful, appropriate response - pt oriented and responds to the environment but abstract reasoning abilities are decreased relative to premorbid levels
At what Rancho Los Amigos level does purposeful responses occur?
6
At what Rancho Los Amigos Level does carry over begin?
6 - for relearned but not new tasks
7 for new tasks
grades of concussions
Grade 1 - mild w/ symptoms lasting < 15 min; no LOC
Grade 2 - moderate w/ symptoms lasting longer than 15 min; no LOC
Grade 3 - severe w/ LOC lasting seconds to minutes
red flags for TBI/concussions
- drowsiness or inability to wake up
- 1 pupil larger than the other
- repeat vomiting or nausea, convulsions or seizures
- LOC longer than 30 sec
- headache that gets worse over time
- slurred speech, numbness, or decreased coordination
- changes in behavior: irritability, restlessness, agitation
- confusion, disorientation, or amnesia
