TB Infections Flashcards
What is Tuberculosis?
It’s a highly contagious bacterial infection caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis that affects mainly the lungs BUT it can also affect the kidneys, brain, spine, joints, and liver.
What is the method of transmission for TB?
Airborne
True or False
All cases of TB must be reported to the state.
True
What is the incubation period for TB? Is a person contagious during this time?
- 4-12wks
- No
True or False
A person with HIV is at a lower risk for TB.
False, they are at a greater risk
What can result in a false positive test for TB?
- Latent TB infection
- Foreign born persons who received a BCG vaccine to prevent TB
TB s/s?
- Fever, night seats, chills
- SOB, progressive fatigue
- Anorexia/weight loss
- Lethargy
- Nausea
- Irregular menses
How is TB diagnosed?
- TB skin test – indicative, not confirmed
- For confirmation
- X-ray
- Blood assay
- Presence of M. tuberculosis in cultures or
- rapid nucleic acid test probes (this takes 2hrs)
How is the Mantoux (PPD) tuberculin test given, how is it evaluated and what does it indicate?
- Via intradermal injection
- An induration (hard swelling) reaction that is ≥ 10mm that occurs
- Indicates TB exposure
True or False
A positive PPD test means you have TB.
- False
- Positive reaction does not mean that active disease is present but does indicate exposure to TB or dormant disease.
Why are PTs w/ HIV test for TB and vise verse?
Because ¼ of those with HIV or TB will get the other
All patients suspected of or confirmed to have TB should be placed in _____ _____ until they are no longer infectious.
Airborne isolation
When should a PT w/ TB wear a mask?
Anytime they are outside of their room
