Taxonomy And Microbiology

Question 1

The 2 types of bacteria are

Answer 1

Bacteria and Archeabacteria

Question 2

True bacteria, most common

Answer 2

Eubacteria

Question 3

‘Extremophiles’ bacteria that live in extreme conditions

Answer 3

Archaebacteria

Question 4

General structure of bacteria:

Answer 4

Cell wall
Cell membrane
Pili or flagella for movement/stability
Genetic material (DNA circular plasmid)

Question 5

Most bacteria are…..

Answer 5

Heterotrophic!!! Meaning they require an energy source

Question 6

Why are Cyanobacteria special?

Answer 6

They are photosynthetic, meaning they contain chlorophyll which makes food out of sunlight

Question 7

Three basic shapes of bacteria

Coubasa

Answer 7

Cocci, spirilla, bacilli

Question 8

The names of the three groups bacteria live in

Answer 8

Diplo, staphylo and strepto

Question 9

How do bacteria reproduce

Answer 9

Binary fission

Question 10

Protist characteristics:

Answer 10

Some are plant like, some are animal like, some are both

Question 11

Main organisms belonging to each phyla within this kingdom

Answer 11

Amoeba, paramecium, and euglena

Question 12

Basic structure of an amoeba

Cats never call me

Answer 12

Unicellular, containing a cytoplasm, nucleus, and cell membrane

Question 13

Basic structure of a paramecium

Come, cat voys, feed

Answer 13

Large ciliate protozoan, containing cilia, contractual vacuole, and a food vacuole

Question 14

Basic structure of an Euglena

Feed plenty

Answer 14

Unicellular organism, containing flagella, a pellicle (thick outer covering replacing a cell wall)

Question 15

What the fungi is the structure of a fungi???

Answer 15

Made up of Hyphae (collectively known as mycelium [the roots]), fruiting body spores, gills, stipe (the stalk).
The are made mainly of chitin (a polymer of nitrogen cap gaining glucose)

Question 16

What does the hyphae/mycelium do?

Answer 16

The root system, helps them get nutrients and water

Question 17

Asexual reproduction in fungi??

Answer 17

Through fragmentation, budding, or reproducing spores

Question 18

Sexual reproduction in fungi??

Answer 18

Their hyphae (roots) touch

Question 19

Nutrients that fungi need

Answer 19

Nitrogen, carbon, potassium, and phosphorus

Question 20

How do fungi eat?

Answer 20

They digest good outside of their body by secreting enzymes externally then up taking the digested material

Question 21

Biodiversity iss…

Answer 21

All of the variety of organisms in the biosphere

Question 22

How can organisms be used by humans (3 ways)

Answer 22

a. Wild species are the source of many medicines such as aspirin
b. Useful traits in wild plants can be transferred to crop plants (plant and genetic breeding) ex//potato genes
c. The number and variety on species included in an ecosystem’s stability, productivity, and value to humans relates to ecosystem services

Question 23

Kids Playing Chicken On Freeway Getting Smashed

Answer 23

Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

The six main kingdoms

Question 24

What are the three new domains, hmmm?

Answer 24

Bacteria, Archea, and Eukarya (Bae)

Question 25

How is an organism scientifically named

Answer 25

Genus first, then species. Genus capitalized and species lower cased
ex// Ursus genus maritimus species is a polar bear

Question 26

Taxonomy

Answer 26

The science of defining and naming groups of biological organisms based on shared characteristics (things they have the same)

Question 27

Explain the Lysogenic cycle

Answer 27

Well, at the beginning of each cycle, a virus injects its DNA (or RNA) into its bacteria host. If the D/RNA enter the lysogenic cycle,it goes a bit like this:
- The bacteriophage lies dormant, however when the bacteria divides, the D/RNA is also copied. SO, the virus continues to replicate within its host. It will lie dormant unless conditions within its host change, then the lytic cycle begins

Question 28

Explain the Lytic cycle

Answer 28

In the Lytic cycle, the virus’s genes use the proteins within the cell to replicate, and to produce viral proteins. These proteins and copies of the virus’s original D/RNA become baby viruses called visions. The cell, helpless to it’s viral hijacker, simply waits until the pressure of the visions is too high, them the cell membrane breaks open, or lyses (hence the name…..) The virions are released and all go out fo make momma proud, and find a new cell to infect.

Question 29

A bacteriophage iss….

Answer 29

an infected bacterial cell!!!

Question 30

Why is a virus not considered to be alive?

Answer 30

They are not “tequnically” alive because they require a host to reproduce

Question 31

Microscope usage…?

Answer 31

A microscope uses beams of electrons that are focused by magnetic fields