Task C Flashcards
What are acceptable weather resources and products
METARs, TAF,MOS, winds aloft, surface winds, PIREPs, prog charts, air Mets, sigmets
Where can we find sources of weather
ForeFlight, aviation weather.gov, 1800wxbrief.com, local news, weather websites, visually looking at the sky
What is the composition of the atmosphere?
78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 1% trace gases
What causes thunderstorms
- uplifting force
- moisture or humidity
- unstable air
What are the characteristics of stable air
Stable air has the ability to resist vertical movement
What is windsheer?
A change of wind direction or speed in a short amount of time.
This can happen either vertically (up or down) or horizontally (left or right)
What do iso bars indicate
- closer together means more wind changes/ higher changes and windsheer
- wider isobars means less wind and a slower gradient of winds
What is the standard temperature?
Standard temperature is 15 Celsius/ 59 Fahrenheit
What is the standard temperature lapse rate?
2 Celsius every thousand feet
What direction does a low pressure system move in
Low pressure systems move counter clockwise and they move inward and upward
Which directions does high pressure systems move
High pressure systems move clockwise and outward and down
What kind of fronts are there?
- Cold front
- Warm front
- Stationary front
-cold and warm fronts are up against each other not moving typically leads to storms and stable air with clear skies - Occluded front
- when a faster front over takes a slower moving front
What are the characteristics of a cold front?
- Good visibility
- Showery precipitation
- Gusty winds
- Temp and pressure drop
What are the characteristics of a warm front?
- poor visibility
- steady precipitation
- steady winds
- temp and pressure rise
- stable air
What are the 6 types of convective sigmets
- Line of thunderstorms
- Area of thunderstorms
- Severe or embedded thunderstorms
- Tornados
- Wind gusts greater than or equal to 50kts
- Hail greater than or equal to 3/4 inch in diameter
What 4 kinds of Sigmets are there?
- Severe turbulence
- Dust storms lowering visibility to less than 3 statute miles
- Severe icing
- Volcanic ash
What kind of aircraft do airmets apply to?
Airmets apply to lighter aircraft
Who should pay attention to Sigmets?
All aircraft should pay attention to Sigmets
What is clear ice and at what temperature does it form?
-Clear ice is a sheet of ice that forms on the wings and plane
- This ice forms between -2 Celsius & -10 Celsius
This is the most dangerous because it is clear & dense which makes the plane heavier and creating less lift from the winds causing a stall at higher speeds
What is mixture ice and at what temperature does it form?
- Mixture ice is a combination of both clear ice and RIME ice. This is a combination of partially frozen and mostly frozen droplets.
- This type of Ice forms between -10 Celsius & -15 Celsius
What is RIME ice and at what temperatures does it form?
- RIME ice is when droplets of partially frozen water falls like rain and freezes on impact with the plane creating bumps of ice
- This type of ice forms at temperatures between -15 Celsius & -20 Celsius
What is Airmet Sierra for?
Mountain obscuration
What is Airmet Tango for?
Turbulence
What is Airmet Zulu for?
Freezing temperatures.
What does P.A.V.E stand for and what is it used for?
P - Pilot: are you ok to fly & safe to fly
A - Airplane: all required doc onboard & all inspections are current
V - Environment: wx, airport, airspace, runways etc, all good for the flight
E - External pressures: get thereitis, clients, personal timelines, deadlines
This acronym is used to assess if the flight should be conducted
What is a microburst and what kind of weather is it associated with?
Microbursts are the most severe low-level windsheer. These occur with convective precipitation and typically occur in a space less than a mile horizontally and within 1000 ft vertically. These last about 15 minutes and can produce downdrafts up to 6000 ft per minute and wind direction changes of 45 degrees or more within seconds
What is a Speci METAR?
Updated metar due to weather coming in
