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Chemistry > Task 3 > Flashcards

Task 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

Arrhenius limitations

A

Applies only to aqueous solutions
Cannot explain basic and acidic nature of salts
Cannot explain amphiprotic substances
Does not recognise role of water as solvent
Cannot explain bases without OH-

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2
Q

BL theory proves

A

Acid base reactions are not limited to aqueous solutions –> proton tranfer in gaseous phases
Conjugate bases and acids
Amphiprotic nature of water as solvent

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3
Q

BL theory limitations

A

Cannot explain acidic basic oxides and amphoteric substances

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4
Q

End point

A

the point during a titration when the indicator first produces a permanent colour

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5
Q

Pipette

A

used to transfer a specific volume of either the standard solution or unknown solution to the conical flask

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6
Q

Burette

A

providing precise liquid measurement and dispensing

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7
Q

Primary standards

A

pure substance, high molar mass, stable, soluable, easy to store

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8
Q

Methyl orange ph range
colours

A

3.1-4.4
red-orange-yellow

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9
Q

bromothymol blue ph range
colours

A

6.0-7.6
yellow-green-blue

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10
Q

phenolpthalien ph range
colours

A

8.2-10.0
colourless-light pink-pink

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11
Q

neatralisation reactions
3

A

antacid tablets (Mg (OH)2 ) and HCl in stomach
Bases used to neutralise acid spills (Na2CO3) weak only
Toothpaste (NaF, NaOH) neutralises acids in mouth

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12
Q

buffer capacity

A

a measure of the effectiveness of a buffer solution at reissiting change in oH when either a strong acid or strong base is added

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13
Q

blood buffer equations
2

A

CO2 + H2O <-> H2CO3
H2CO3 + H2O <-> H3O+ + HCO3-

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14
Q

Importance of blood buffer

A

If ph deviates too much fro range, biological enzymes will denature
active site and shape will change, unable them to catayle metabolic processes in body

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15
Q

Hydrocarbon safety handles

A

Dispose in waste container due to toxicity to aquatic life
No nakes flames due to flammability, handle in fume cupbaord
Used in well ventilaisted space so no inhalation occurs

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16
Q

Flame colour for Na

A

Yellow

17
Q

Flame colour for K

A

Lilac

18
Q

Flame colour for Li

A

Crimson red

19
Q

Reasons for analysing ions

A

agricultural run off/eutriphication of fertilisers like NH4NO3
Heavy metals from mines, landfill sites, combustion of fuels, wastes, agrocultural runoff
Example (Pu, Cu, Hg)
Grey water (sink and landry) –> PO4 in detergents

20
Q

Port pirie case study

A

largest primary Pb smelter
Airborne lead contaminated dust
Damages nerous system, developing ones for children, permanent brain damage

21
Q

Max blood conc of Pb
Average
Children in Port Pirie

A

5u/dl
1.45u/dl
8u/dl

22
Q

Validity is

A

ACER
aim, constant, equip, range

aim achieved, constant variables, approptriate equipment to reduce error, suitable range

23
Q

Reliability is

A

ROCA
repeat, outlier, consistent, average

repeated with large sample size, outliers removed, results consistent, averaged results

24
Q

Accuracy is

A

SERC
scale, equipment, record, closeness

scale have sufficent graduations, equipment used correct, results recorded with decimal places, measurements close to theoretical values

25
Q

What happens if I dont wash my burrete 3 times with the solution

A

dilute titrant, more vol required to react,
increased titre measurement –> overestimation of conc of titre

26
Q

Parellex error

A

Looking at marking of measuring device at an angle

27
Q

Substitution reaction

A

Alkane halogenation, producing the product and also HBr/Cl
Needs UV

28
Q

Alkene halogenation

A

no UV needed, 1 product

29
Q

Alkene hydrohalogenation

A

HX, major or minor product

30
Q

Alkene hydrogrenation

A

Ni, bla catalyst needed, H2

31
Q

Hydration alkene

A

add H20, dilute acid catalyst, makes alcohol

Chemistry (5 decks)

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