TAPEWORMS (Introduction) Flashcards
Two orders of Cestodes of veterinary importance
A. Order Cotyloda/Pseudophyllidae (Pseudotapeworms)
B. Order Eucestoda/Cyclophyllidae (True tapeworms)
General Characteristics of Tapeworms
✓ w/ elongate flat body
✓ w/o body cavity
✓ w/o alimentary canal
✓ Hermaphroditic
✓ Part of the body (strobila) is segmented
✓ has an indirect life cycle
Difference of organ attachment between Cyclophyllidae and Pseudophyllidae
Cyclophyllidae: SUCKERS AND ROSTELLUM
Pseudophyllidae: BOTHRIA
Difference of Stage infective to 1st intermediate host between Cyclophyllidae and Pseudophyllidae
Cyclophyllidae: HEXACANTH EMBRYO
Pseudophyllidae: CORACIDIUM
Difference of No. of intermediate host between Cyclophyllidae and Pseudophyllidae
Cyclophyllidae: ONE
Pseudophyllidae: TWO
Difference of Egg Shedding between Cyclophyllidae and Pseudophyllidae
Cyclophyllidae: Via thysanus
Pseudophyllidae: Via Uterine pore
metameric repetition of reproductive organs
proglottidization
structures that develop once the uterus disappears by degeneration
Paruterine organs
it assumes the function of the uterus e.g. _____________ capsules and dense areas of fibromuscular tissue
hyaline egg
Cestode eggs
✓ embryonated or non-embryonated
✓ fully embryonated egg contains ONCOSPHERE
✓ oncosphere is a HEXACANTH EMBRYO with 3 hook pairs found at the center of a fully developed cestode egg
✓ typical oncosphere has 4 embryonic envelopes namely; EGG CAPSULE/SHELL, OUTER MEMBRANE, EMBRYOPHORE, ONCOSPHERAL MEMBRANE
EGG HATCHING, Egg type and is effected by;
✓ environmental stimulus
✓ mechanical action
✓ digestive enzymes of host
✓ combination of mechanical and action of digestive enzymes
species that effected by environmental stimulus
light in D. latum
species under egg type and is effected by mechanical action
Anoplocephala
Species under the egg type and is effected by digestive enzymes of host
Taenia
eggs are covered or protected with material derived from the UTERUS
Egg Capsule
eggs are covered with materials derived from the parenchyma
Egg pouches
the infective larval form of tapeworms
Metacestode
first metacestode stage of pseudophyliids; solid bodied with hooks on the cercomer in the posterior region
Procercoid
follows a procorcoid; occurs in the second intermediate host of pseudophyliids, elongate, solid bodied and bears an adult scolex
Plerocercoid
found only in Mesocesotoidea; worm like, solid larva with deeply invaginated scolex
Tetrathyridium
single evaginated scolex embedded in a small solid cyst; found in small intermediate host such as arthropods. most common
Cysticercoid
single scolex evaginated into itself in a large, fluid containing vesicle or bladder
Cysticercus
single scolex invaginated and it attached to the cyst by a chain of asexual proglottids (resembling a juvenile strobila) which are digested away after ingestion by the final host living only the scolex
Strobilocercus
large, fluid containing bladder lined with a germinal epithelium producing a number of invaginated scolices by budding which remains attached to the wall
coenurus
large, fluid containing cyst with a laminated cuticular wall lined with a parenchymal inner layer producing many invaginated protoscolices which lies free or in bunches (blood capsules)
Hydatid
specie under procercoid
Diphyllobothrium latum
Specie under Plerocercoid
Spirometra mansoni
Specie under cysticercus
Taenia saginata
common name of Taenia saginata
Beef tapeworm
Specie under Strobilocercus
Taenia taeniaformis
