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1. ACSO 2303 - Tactics Phase > Tactics Workbook / Slide Questions > Flashcards

Tactics Workbook / Slide Questions Flashcards

1
Q

*

What is the difference between the promulgation cycle of the National ATO and operational ATO’s?

Workbook / Review

A
  1. National ATO - Produces weekly National ATO’s for rountine operations
    • However it can be upgraded to daily in certain circumstances (Major operations and select exercises)
  2. Operational ATO - Normally runs on a daily ATO cycle
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2
Q

*

What is an ATO? On operations can you fly without one?

A

ATO is an order for you to conduct missions

For operations you must have an ATO in order to conduct a mission

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3
Q

*

In an ATO, if instructions in the “MSN AMPN” (Mission Amplification) section are too detailed, these instructions will then be provide in the __________.

Review

A

SPINS

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4
Q

*

What is a Coord Card?

A

A coordination card provides a summary of the info in the daily ATO

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5
Q

*

What types of info is found in an Airspace Control Order (ACO)?

A

Geographical Areas such as:

  • Transit corridors
  • Restricted Operating Zones (ROZ)
  • Hold Boxes
  • Operating Areas
  • Refueling Areas
  • Kill Boxes
  • Weapon Engagement Zones (WEZ)
  • Safe Lanes
  • ATC Routes to Op Areas
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6
Q

*

What are SPINS and what type of into is found in them?

A

Special Instructions Message

  • Commander’s Intention & Guidance
  • Participating Units and Callsigns
  • Communciation Plans (Link, Crypto, Frequencies etc)
  • Emission Control Policies (EMCON)
  • Authentication Tables
  • Transit Instructions
  • etc…
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7
Q

*

How precise is an 8-digit grid position using the Military Grid Reference System (MGRS)?

A

10 metres

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8
Q

*

What’s the standard size in minutes/nm of a killbox?

Review

A

30’ x 30’ (30nm x ~30nm)

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9
Q

*

When possible, what is the desirable altitude block seperation between aircrafts?

What is the vertical seperation when dealing with lower ceilings and service limitation?

A

Desirable block altitude seperation - 1000’

Minimum Seperation - 500’

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10
Q

*

For Operation Dynamic Goose, what is the Force QNH and what does this mean in terms of the terminology used for your altitude?

A

Force QNH = QNE (for Op Dynamic Goose) [29.92]

All aircraft in the stack will be flying a flight level vice an altitude

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11
Q

*

When does Force QNH not apply and why?

A

The Force QNH does not apply to low flying aircraft (below 3000’ AGL) for safety reasons (terrain avoidance)

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12
Q

*

Why do we calculate a Minimum Safe Flight Level (MSFL)

Workbook / Review

A

Establishing a flight level that will allow us to fly above the weapon’s ceiling considering temperature, wind and ground/obstacle elevation.

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13
Q

*

What factors are considered in the MSFL calculation?

A
  • Temperature
  • Wind Speed
  • Ground / Obstacle elevation
  • Pressure
  • Weapon Ceiling
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14
Q

ADD PICTURE

Calculate the MSFL with the following info:

  • Location: Killboxes 10-12 AR-AW
  • Threat: Krivak III, Udaloy 1 and MANPADS
  • QNH: A30.01
  • Wind Charts: Attached
  • Spot Heights: Ref Campaign Map
A
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15
Q

*

What is the fall rate of the GBU-38 Mk82 bomb?

A

200 ft/sec

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16
Q

*

What are the aircraft drop parameters for the attack?

Workbook / Review

A
  • Altitude: 5000’ - 34000’ drop height
  • Max Speed: - 220kts IAS
  • Straight and level flight
  • Follow weapon drop ICS procedurte (Gen Book)
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17
Q

*

What is the standard procedure at 402 Sqn to drop a bomb?

Review

A

On top of the target

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18
Q

*

What is the purpose of a Collateral Damage Estimate (CDE)

A

Estimate of any death, injury or other damage inflicted that is unintended as a result of military operations

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19
Q

*

What is the blast and debris radius’s of the GBU-38?

A

Blast Radius - 80 yards wide and 30 yards long

Debris Radius - 500 yards (1/4nm)

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20
Q

*

What is the maximum distance away from the target you can conduct a valid CDE and why?

A

CDE must be carried out at a max range of 5nm in order to be valid (EOIR max detection range for a small target)

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21
Q

*

What is a Battle Damage Assessment (BDA) and what are the three possible BDA classifications?

A

Is an assessment of the level of damage on the intended target

A: Completely Destroyed
B: Partially Destroyed
C: No Damage

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22
Q

*

Define the following brevity words?

  • As Fragged
  • Famished
  • Feet Wet
  • Gadget
  • Gingerbread
  • Handyman
  • Hooker
  • India
  • Parrot
  • Playmate
  • Racket
  • Skunk

Workbook / Review (2)

A
  • As Fragged - Unit/Element will be performing exactly as stated by the air tasking order (ATO)
  • Famished - Have you any instructions or info for me?
  • Feet Wet - Flying over water
  • Gadget - Radar or Emitter equipment
  • Gingerbread - Voice imitative deception is suspected on this net
  • Handyman - Helicopter is ASuW support role (no weapons)
  • Hooker - Fishing or other small craft
  • India - Mode IV
  • Parrot - Military IFF transponder
  • Playmate - Friendly ship, submarine, or aircraft with which I am cooperating
  • Racket - Intercepted electronic emission which has been assigned to a number of the track block
  • Skunk - Surface contact detected by radar
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23
Q

*

What is the aim of Emission Control (EMCON)?

A
  • Minimize the enemy’s detection of friendly emissions and subsequent exploitation of the info thereby gained
  • Reduce electro-magnetic interference thereby improving friendly sensor performance
  • Defence against interception and direction finding (DF)
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24
Q

*

You are currently on EMCON Policy A and hear the following transmission on the radio: “All stations, this is MAGIC, HUSH B, over”.

What does this mean?

A

No matter which EMCON policy you were originally working under, you would now be working under EMCON Policy B (more restrictive than A)

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25
Q

*

Define RAMROD

A

A simple substitution code in which a letter replaces a number. It will always be a 10-letter word with no repeating letters

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26
Q

*

What are Base numbers used for?

A

Base numbers are used so that actual altitude, heading, speed, time and number are not transmitted on unsecure networks

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27
Q

*

When should you authenticate?

A
  • On initial contact on an unsecure net with ACU or AWACS
  • When previously challenged by another callsign
  • When spoofing is suspected
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28
Q

The current time is 1223Z and you are challenged by MAGIC to authenticate E.

What is your response?

A

MAGIC de JAWS16, I authenticate Q

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29
Q

*

Your callsign is JAWS16. You have just transmitted on an unsecure net and you hear the following response: “JAWS16, Beadwindow Two, Over”.

What does this mean and how should you respond?

Workbook / Review

A

Means you have transmitted info regarding capabilities on an unsecure net.

Only authorized response is “Roger, Out”

30
Q

*

What is spoofing?

A

Spoofing occurs when an unknown or enemy entity disguises their communications so as to appear as though they are originating from a trusted or friendly force (pretend to be someone you trust)

31
Q

*

The current time is 0647Z and you are monitoring Line 110. Due to a transmission you overhear, you suspect that someone is spoofing on Line 110.

What should you transmit?

A

On Line 110: “All Stations de JAWS16, GINGERBREAD”

32
Q

*

In response to your call you hear MAGIC say the following: “All stations, this is MAGIC, KICK 110 TAC Bravo”.

What does this mean and what should you do?

A

Shift Line number 110 to frequency column ‘B’ as indicated

Means it only shifts the current line # to a different frequency

33
Q

*

What is cryptography?

A

Crypto is the process of disguising a communication so that no unauthorized person can access it

34
Q

*

What is the ‘need to know’ principle?

A

A security clearance alone does not allow access to info

A party must also possess a valid requirement to obtain the info and authorization to access from the Releasing Authority

35
Q

*

Define the following:

  • Unclassified
  • Confidential
  • Secret
  • Top Secret
A
  • Unclassified - Compromise of the info could reasonably be expected to cause no injury to the national interest
  • Confidential - Compromise of the info could reasonably be expected to cause injury to the national interest
  • Secret - Compromise of the info could reasonably be expected to cause serious injury to the national interest
  • Top Secret - Compromise of the info could reasonably be expected to cause exceptionally grave injury to the national interest
36
Q

*

What security clearance levels are required to access each type of classified material?

A

Confidental - Level 1

Secret - Level 2

Top Secret - Level 3

37
Q

*

Are you allowed to destroy COMSEC material?

A
  • You must be specifically authorized to destroy COMSEC material
  • Unless you are specifically authorized to destroy the material, you must return it to the cypto vault
38
Q

*

Are you required to read back transit clearances from MAGIC?

Why or why not?

A

Yes, clearances from AWACS requires a READ BACK like an ATC clearance

39
Q

*

What does it mean to join the ACU in the red?

A

Means that you are conducting the join on an unsecure (unencrypted) net

40
Q

*

When can you do On-Station checks?

A
  • On-Station checks shall be completed before calling On-Station
  • In anticipation of receiving relevant tactical / sensor data
  • Once relevant tactical/sensor data is received
41
Q

*

For the TACCO’s hourly check with cove, which radio is used?

When would your status not be OPs Normal?

What starts the clock on this hourly check?

A
  • SATCOM radio
  • Status will always be OPS NORMAL unless the aircraft become degraded or mission timing changes
  • The first hourly check shall be conducted one hour after ONSTATION
42
Q

*

What kind of message shall be sent if there is an imminent threat to our unit and/or friendly forces?

A

A FLASH message

43
Q

*

After dropping a weapon, what message needs to be sent by the TACCO?

A

“All stations de JAWS16, [#] x GBU-38 away, time on target [xx Min/Sec]”

44
Q

*

What are the three basic elements of a SWAP?

Workbook / Review

A
  • Safety
  • Steering
  • SITREP
45
Q

*

What is Recognized Maritime Picture (RMP)?

A

Sanitation of a defined area using all available sensors in order to identify unknown contacts and report them to higher HQ through tasking authority or controlling agency (aka SURPIC)

46
Q

*

What does it mean to be covert?

A

Military asset is required to disguise its identity and intention

47
Q

*

We have been tasked to remain covert for our mission. We are surveilling a specific contact of interest.

Can we remain undetected aurally or visually either vertically or laterally?

A

Lateral - Aural and visual detection range of the OZNOG is 4nm, whereas the aural and visual detection altitude is above the service ceiling of the OZNOG, so we cannot remain covert vertically

48
Q

*

The size of the contact affercts the range at which we can detect it. We define contacts as small, medium or large.

What are example of each?

A
  • Small - Pleasure craft, fishing vessels
  • Medium - Warships (Frigate / Corvette)
  • Large - Large merchant vessels, Oil Rigs, Auxiliary Oiler Replenishment (AOR), Destroyers and Cruisers
49
Q

*

Why does a higher sea state make it more challenging to detect radar contacts?

A

Contact showing behind a wave

Sea state cluttering the RADAR picture

50
Q

*

You are the SENSO and you have promoted all radar tracks to the TACCO. You have not yet identified or classified all the tracks.

Can you call “surface plot complete” on ICS?

A

Yes, the tracks DO NOT have to be classified with EOIR or Seaspot in order to call the ‘Surface Plot Complete’

51
Q

What if you have only promoted all large and medium tracks, or have only promoted tracks from one sector of your AOIR?

Can you still call “surface plot complete”?

A

A ‘Surface Plot Completed’ can be called for the sector of the AOR that it is complete for.

A surface plot can be called complete for the large and medium tracks that it is complete for

52
Q

*

What formula is used to determine how long it will take to search an area with radar?

A

T = A / (V x S)

T = Time required to search area (hrs)
A = Area (nm²)
V = Ground speed (kts)
S = Track spacing = 2x Radar Horizon (nm)

53
Q

You are tasked to search an area that is 200nm by 500nm.
Your MSFL is 11,500’ so you have chosen to fly at FL120.
You are grounding 200kts.
The sea state is 5.

How long will it take you to search this area with radar?

A

Area = 200nm x 500nm = 100,000nm

Velocity = 200kts (G/S)

Radar Horizon at 12,000’ = 135nm (1.23x √12,000)

Large contact radar range limited to 130nm, therefore use 130nm.

Sweep Width = 2 x 130nm = 260nm

T = 100,000 / (200x260) = 1.92hrs = 1hr 55min

54
Q

*

Define the three threat levels:

  • Low
  • Medium
  • High
A
  • Low - <10 % likelihood of hostile act to occur
  • Medium - < 75% likelihood of hostile to occur
  • High - >75% likelihood of hostile act to occur or hostile act has already occurred
55
Q

*

What is the differnece between Stand Off Distance (SOD) and Stand Off Range (SOR)?

A

Stand Off Distance (SOD)

  • Minimum distance an aircraft may approach an identified vessel based on its weapons (specific to each vessel)
  • Commander will dictate a threat level bases on an accepted risk level
    • Low - (SOD)
    • Medium - (SOD +10%)
    • High - (SOD + 20%)

Stand Off Range (SOR)

  • The highest SOD bases on threat level and intelligence
  • Applied to all unidentified vessels
  • Ex: If the threat level is medium, apply an SOR of 11nm to all unknown contacts
56
Q

*

What is the criteria for positive classification of a contact?

A
  1. Soley with EO/IR or
  2. With a minimum of 2 of the following sensors:
    • Radar (seaspot)
    • ESM (emitter signature)
    • EO/IR (if picture shows characteristics of a contact but the lack of quality of the picture presents doubts on the identity of the contact)
57
Q

*

What are the Scene of Action Commander (SAC) duties?

Workbook / Review

A
  • Controlling the airspace / waterspace
  • Monitoring assets in the area
  • Tasking assets in the area
58
Q

You are the SAC and are working with a CH148 Cyclone helicopter. In order to give them taskings that make sense, you must know their capabilities and limitiations.

What are the capabilities and limitations of this helicopter?

A
  1. Capabilities
    * All same sensors as the OZNOG
    * Capable to perform wide range of maritime warfare tasks
    * Capable of flying in reduced visibility
  2. Limitations
    * Max speed 120kts
    * Endurance 3hrs
    * Max altitude <10,000’ ASL
59
Q

*

What are the considerations for a search?

A
  • Covert/Overt
  • Contact Size
  • Weather effect on sensors and ranges
  • Aircraft profile
  • Threat Levels
  • SOR & SOD
  • Search Plan
60
Q

*

What is the format for dynamic reporting?

Workbook / Review (2)

A
  • Who
  • What
  • Where
  • When
  • Whither (to what place)

Ex: 4x Personnel with RPG’s and Small Arms, Px Grid 19GL: 34545 58932, at 1905z, Travelling NW

61
Q

*

Does each person / vehicle need their own grid px?

A

No

62
Q

What is the purpose of a Talk-On?

A
63
Q

What is the format of a Talk-On?

A
64
Q

*

What is a Joint Terminal Attack Controller (JTAC)?

A

Directs the action of combat aircraft engaged in close air support and other offensive air operations from a forward position

Will be controlling agency for all air assets within a killbox and Restricted Operating Zones (ROZ)

65
Q

*

Which two units will typically be the controlling agencies during Overland PCT scenarios?

Review

A

AWACS and JTAC

66
Q

*

What are Essential Elements of Information (EEI’s)?

Review

A

Required data to be collected for each target as tasked

67
Q

*

How will EEIs will be reported ?. What should be reported on Link?

A
  • By voice only
  • The only land contacts that should be reported on Link are threats SAMs, AAA, etc
68
Q

*

Define the following:

  • Pattern of Life (PoL)
  • Deliberate Attack
  • Close Air Support
A
  • Pattern of Life (PoL)
    • Method of surveillance specifically used for documenting or understanding a subjects habits
    • Can also be applied to a place to determine vehicle / foot traffic
    • Can aid in building a Collateral Damage Estimate (CDE) or find other potential targets or areas of interest
  • Deliberate Attack
    • Destroy a land based target using a GBU-38
    • CDE done by the asset dropping the weapon
    • Consider airspace, other nearby airborne assets, clearance to drop
  • Close Air Support
    • Air action by fixed and rotary-wing aircraft against hostile targets that are in close proximity to friendly forces and that require detailed integration of each air mission with the fire and movement of those forces
69
Q

*

Who is responsible for conducting the CDE before an attack?

A

The asset that is dropping the weapon

Based on the following considerations:

  • Pattern of Life
  • Blast Radius
  • Debris Radius
70
Q

*

What types of Overland missions are there?

Review

A
  • Intelligence Gathering/Target Development
    • Target Deck
  • Pattern of Life (POL)
  • Deliberate Attack
  • Close Air Support (CAS)
  • SAR
71
Q

*

What questions should you ask yourself to develop the “big picture” for the mission that you’ve been tasked?

Review

A

The 4 W’s: Who, What, Where, When?

72
Q

*

What briefing format is to be used for 402 Sqn crew briefs?

Review

A

SMESC

1. ACSO 2303 - Tactics Phase (5 decks)

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