tachyarrhythmias, afib and aflutter Flashcards
1
Q
common causes of sinus tachycardia
A
- exercise
- anxiety
- pain
- stimulants
- volume depletion
- anemia
- hypoxia
- PE
- pericarditis
2
Q
treatment for tachycardia
A
- treat underlying cause
3
Q
AVNRT
A
- AV nodal reentry tachycardia
- electrical conduction gets trapped in a loop around AV node
4
Q
AVRT
A
- av reciprocating tachycardia
- wider circuit
- accessory pathway through AV node into atria and ventricles
5
Q
junctional tachycardia
A
- originates in AV node
6
Q
main symptom of SVT
A
- sudden onset and offset
7
Q
management of stable SVT
A
- first line= vagal maneuvers* or carotid massage
- adenosine 6 mg IVP, 12 mg IVP, 12 mg IVP
- BB or CCB
- frequent attacks require ablation
8
Q
management of unstable SVT
A
- vagal maneuvers first line
- DC cardioversion if unsuccessful
9
Q
sx of vtach
A
- heart palpitations
- near syncope or syncope
- chest pain, SOB, diaphoresis
- sustained LOC
- death
10
Q
treatment for vtach with pulse
A
- stable- amiodarone IV bolus then cont infusion, ICD
- unstable- DC cardioversion
11
Q
treatment vtach without pulse
A
- CPR
- defibrillation
- epi
12
Q
torsades de pointes triggers
A
- hypoK
- hypoMg
- drugs that prolong QTc:
- antiarrhythmic drugs
- antipsychotics
- abx
- antidepressants
13
Q
antiarrhythmics that prolong QTc
A
- amiodarone
- flecainide
- sotalol
14
Q
antipsychotics that prolong QTc
A
- chlorpromazine
- haloperidol
- olanzapine
- quetiapine
- risperidone
15
Q
abx that prolong QTc
A
- azithromycin
- levofloxacin
- ciprofloxacin
16
Q
antidepressants that prolong QTc
A
- citalopram
- TCAs
17
Q
treatment for torsades
A
- IV mg firstline
- temp transvenous overdrive pacing if no response to Mg
- if unstable requires defibrillation
18
Q
causes of vfib
A
- MI most common
- HF
- hypoxemia or hypercapnia
- hypotension/ shock
- electrolyte abnormalities
- stimulates
- often preceded by vtach