tablets Flashcards
what are tablets
Solid dosage forms of medicinal substances (usually prepared with the aid of suitable pharmaceutical adjuncts)
tablets can serve as a source of drug for
extemporaneous compounding of capsules, powders, ointments, paste, suspensions, etc. (not all pharmacies will have stock of every drug in powder form)
tablets are preferred as the source of drug during
extemporaneous compounding (rather than the drug as pure powder)
- Especially when a small amount of the drug is needed for compounding a prescription because preparation of an aliquot mixture is avoided
advantages of tablet dosage forms
pt, pharmacist, prescriber, and manufacturer prefers
- easy compliance and accuracy
-wide range of dosage strength
-helps mask bitter taste
-durable
-convenient and cheap
Composition of A Tablet Dosage Form
- Active ingredient
- Diluent
- Binder
- Disintegrants
- Lubricant, antiadherent, and glidant
- Colorants
- Flavoring agents
- Sweeteners
Oral tablets for ingestion
Compressed tablets or Standard compressed tablets
– Multiple compressed tablets(Layered tablets and Compression-coated tablets)
– Repeat-action tablets
– Delayed-action tablets
– Enteric-coated tablets
– Sugar-coated tablets
– Film-coated tablets
– Chewable tablets
Tablets used in the oral cavity
Buccal tablets
– Sublingual tablets
– Troches and lozenges
– Orally dissolving tablets
Tablets administered by other routes
implantation or vaginal tablets
Tablets used to prepare solutions
effervescent tablets
Molded tablets (MT)
Tablet triturates (TT) – Hypodermic tablets (HT) – Dispensing tablets (DT)
Effervescent Tablets are formulated to
contain the active ingredient along with citric acid monohydrate and/or tartaric acid and sodium bicarbonate
when dissolved in water, citric acid reacts with sodium bicarbonate to produce
sodium citrate and carbon dioxide
tartaric acid reacts with sodium bicarbonate to produce
sodium tartrate and carbon dioxide
The liberation of carbon dioxide as a result of
acid-base reaction between citric and/or tartaric acid and sodium bicarbonate
USP Classification of Tablets
immediate release or modified release
modified release tablets (MRT)
delayed release or extended release, continuous release, depot, gradual release, repository, slowly acting, etc
Instances of Crushing a Solid Dosage Form
- Patient may be unable to swallow the solid dosage form but may find it convenient to take a liquid dosage form
- Patient may not want to swallow a tablet or a capsule due to psychological reasons
- Mixing of powdered medication with food or drink may make the drug more palatable
- Patient may have nasogastric tubes which do not permit administration of tablets or capsules
- Patient does not like to take the medication
– Mixing the drug with food or a beverage may be the only way of making the patient take the drug - An oral solution for a particular medication may not be available from the manufacturer or readily prepared by pharmacy
Oral Dosage Forms That Should Not Be Crushed
- Enteric-coated products
- Extended-release products
- Unpleasant tasting medication
- Effervescent tablets
- Sublingual tablets
what are some misc drugs that can’t be crushed
dosage forms that irritate muosa, have dyes (stain teeth and mucosal tissue), can be carcinogenic, and products made to change release characteristics of the drug from the dosage form
