Table 66-1 Important Autoimmune Diseases

Question 1

Antibody to receptors: Myasthenia gravis

Answer 1

Acetylcholine receptor blocks neuromuscular junction signaling; severe muscular weakness

Question 2

Antibody to receptors: Graves’ disease

Answer 2

TSH receptor; resemble thyrotropin in activity and stimulate the thyroid to produce more thyroxine “Hyperthyroidism”

Question 3

Antibody to receptors: Insulin-resistant diabetes

Answer 3

Insulin receptor; interfere with insulin binding

Question 4

Antibody to receptors: Lambert-Eaton myasthenia

Answer 4

Calcium channel receptor; antibodies form against the proteins in calcium channels (muscular weakness)

Question 5

Antibody to other cell components: Systemic lupus erthyematosus

Answer 5

dsDNA, histones; chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease affects the skin of the face, joints and the kidneys

Question 6

Antibody to other cell components: Rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 6

Joint tissue (also lungs and pericardium)

Question 7

Antibody to other cell components: Rheumatic fever

Answer 7

Heart and joint tissue

Question 8

Antibody to other cell components: Hemolytic anemia

Answer 8

RBC membrane;

Question 9

Antibody to other cell components: Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura

Answer 9

Platelets membrane; platelets coated with antibody are either destroyed in the spleen or lysed by membrane attack complex of complement

Question 10

Antibody to other cell components: Goodpasture’s syndrome

Answer 10

autoantibodies form against the collagen in basement membrane of kidney and lung

Question 11

Antibody to other cell components: Pernicious anemia

Answer 11

caused by antibodies to Intrinsic factor, a protein secreted by parietal cells of stomach that facilitates the absorption of vitamin B12