Table 6-1 Primary And Seconday Mediators Released By Mast Cells

Question 0

Heparin

Answer 0

Type of mediator: Primary
Source: Granule
Action:
- Anticoagulant binds and inactivates histamine

Question 1

Histamine

Answer 1

Type of mediator: Primary
Source: Granule
Action: 
- Increases vascular permeability 
- Vasodilation
- Smooth muscle contraction of brochi
- Mucus production

Question 2

Chondroitin sulfate

Answer 2

Type of mediator: Primary
Source: Granule
Action:
- Binds to and inactivate histamine

Question 3

Aryl sulfatase

Answer 3

Type of mediator: Primary
Source: Granule
Action:
- Inactivates leukotrien C4, thus limiting the inflammatory response

Question 4

Neutral protease

Answer 4

Type of mediator: Primary
Source: Granule
Action:
- Protein cleavage to activate complement (especially C3a); increases inflammatory response

Question 5

Eosinophil chemotactic factor

Answer 5

Type of mediator: Primary
Source: Granule
Action: Attracts eosinophils to site of inflammation

Question 6

Neutrophil chemotactic factor

Answer 6

Type of mediator: Primary
Source: Granule
Action: Attracts neutrophils to site of inflammation

Question 7

Leukotrienes C4, D4 and E4

Answer 7

Type of mediator: Secondary
Source: Membrane lipid
Action: vasodilator; increases vascular permeability; bronchial smooth muscle contractant

Question 8

Prostaglandin D2

Answer 8

Type of mediator: Secondary
Source: Membrane lipid
Action: Causes contraction of bronchial smooth muscle; increases mucus secretion; vasoconstriction

Question 9

Thromboxane A2

Answer 9

Type of mediator: Secondary
Source: Membrane lipid
Action: Causes platelet aggregation, vasoconstriction

Question 10

Bradykinins

Answer 10

Type of mediator: Secondary
Source: formed by activity of enzymes located in granules
Action: causes vascular permability and is responsible for pain sensation

Question 11

Platelet-activating factor (PAF)

Answer 11

Type of mediator: Secondary
Source: Activated by phospholipase A2
Action: attracts neutrophils and eosinophils; causes vascular permeability and contraction of bronchial smooth muscle