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Religous Studies GSCE AQA > T4: Judaism Practices > Flashcards

T4: Judaism Practices Flashcards

1
Q

What is a synagogue?

A

building Jews meet for:
- worship
- study
- charity
- festivals

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2
Q

What is the minyan?

A
  • Where certain prayers are said
  • Group of at least 10 adults
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3
Q

What is the Ark (Aron Hakodesh)?

A
  • Cabinet where Torah scrolls are kept
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4
Q

Where is the holiest place in the synagogue?

A

Ark (Aron Hakodesh)

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5
Q

What is ner tamid?

A

Ever-burning light

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6
Q

What does ner tamid symbolise?

A

God’s presence

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7
Q

What is the reading platform (bimah)?

A

Platform where Torah read

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8
Q

What is the Jewish name for reading platform?

A

Bimah

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9
Q

What are the principles of Orthodox Judaism?

A
  • Emphasises Torah laws
  • Believe men & women have different roles
  • Follow dietary laws strictly
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10
Q

What are the principles of Reform Judaism?

A
  • Individual choice in deciding how to worship & practice the faith
  • Men and women should be able to undertake the same roles
  • Think dietary laws are outdated
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11
Q

How often do Jews pray?

A

Three times a day

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12
Q

What are Orthodox services like?

A
  • Daily service
  • In Hebrew
  • Men & women sit separately
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13
Q

What are reform services like?

A
  • Synagogue doesn’t hold daily services
  • Focus on celebrating Shabbat & festivals
  • Men and women sit together
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14
Q

What do Orthodox wear when praying?

A
  • Tallit
  • Tefillin
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15
Q

What is a tallit?

A

Prayer shawl

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16
Q

What is the significance of Tallit?

A
  • Obeys God’s word
  • Represent mitzvot
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17
Q

What is Tefillin?

A

Small leather boxes containing extracts from the Torah

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18
Q

What do Jewish services consist of?

A
  • Opening prayer
  • Shema
  • Amidah (series of blessings)
  • Final prayers
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19
Q

What is Amidah?


A

Standing prayer

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20
Q

What is the central prayer?

A

Amidah

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21
Q

What is Shabbat?

A
  • Rest day
  • ‘Remember sabbath day and keep it holy’ Exodus 20:8
  • a time to celebrate creation (Gen)
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22
Q

What is the Jewish holy day?

A

Shabbat

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23
Q

What do Shabbat services consist of?

A
  • Friday evening service
  • Saturday morning main service
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24
Q

What does the congregation do during Shabbat service?

A

Stand when Ark is opened

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25
Q

What is the significance of standing when the Ark is opened?

A

Jews standing at Sinai when Moses returned with 10 commandments

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26
Q

What happens to the Torah during Shabbat service?

A
  • Taken from Ark
  • Dressed with cover
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27
Q

What is the significance of the Torah cover during Shabbat service?

A

Reminder of vestments worn by priests

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28
Q

Where is the Torah held during Shabbat service?

A
  • In front of congregation
  • Chanted
  • Paraded
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29
Q

What is the significance of holding the Torah during Shabbat service?

A
  • Represents Jews carrying Ark from Sinai to Jerusalem
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30
Q

How is Shabbat prepared beforehand as a rest day?

A
  • Cleaning house
  • Preparing food
  • Candles on table
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31
Q

Why isn’t work allowed during Shabbat?

A

Fourth commandment

32
Q

What is the significance of the candles on the table during Shabbat?

A

Represents two commandments to ‘remember’ and ‘observe’ Shabbat

33
Q

How is the start of Shabbat marked?

A
  • Wife lights and waves around candles
  • She says a prayer to bless family
34
Q

How is the end of Shabbat marked?

A

Havdalah service

35
Q

What is the main celebration of Shabbat?

A

Friday evening meal

36
Q

What is the significance of the Friday evening meal?

A
  • Allows family and relax and enjoy each other’s company
37
Q

What may Jews do instead of attending the Synagogue?

A

Pray at home

38
Q

How are Jews reminded to focus on God at home?

A

Touching mezuzah

39
Q

What is the mezuzah?

A

Small box containing Torah verses

40
Q

What is the Tenakh?

A
  • Main Jewish sacred text
  • Contains written law
41
Q

What is the Talmud?

A

Commentary which helps Jews to put Tenakh laws into practice

42
Q

What are the three Jewish ceremonies associated with birth?

A
  • Naming ceremony
  • Brit Milah
  • Redemption of firstborn Son
43
Q

What is Brit Milah?

A

Circumcision

44
Q

What is redemption of the firstborn son?

A

Firstborn son is ‘reedemed’ from Temple service

45
Q

How do boys celebrate coming of age at 13?

A
  • Bar Mitzvah
  • Become a ‘son of the commandment
46
Q

How do girls celebrate coming of age at 12 in Reform Judaism?

A
  • Bat Mitzvah
  • Become a ‘daughter of the commandment
47
Q

How do Jewish boys celebrate a Bar Mitzvah?

A
  • Reads from Torah
  • Wears tallit
  • Short speech
  • Father thanks God
  • Celebratory meal
48
Q

How do Jewish girls celebrate a Bat Mitzvah?

A
  • Short speech
  • Celebratory meal
  • Similar to Bar Mitzvah
49
Q

What is betrothal?

A
  • Lasts for a year
  • Only broken by death/divorce
  • Couple do not live together
50
Q

How does a spiritual bond in marriage help couples?

A

Helps them to experience holiness in their everyday lives

51
Q

What do the periods of mourning help Jewish family to do?

A

Grieve fully but help them get back to normal life

52
Q

What happens when a death is announced?

A
  • Small tear in clothes (Gen 37:54)
  • Blessing to recognize God as judge
53
Q

What happens in the first period of mourning?

A
  • Buried within 24 hrs
  • Jews comfort soul
  • Because they believe it doesn’t leave until buried
54
Q

What happens in the second period of mourning (shiva)?

A
  • Intense 7 day mourning
  • Kaddish prayer - praises God
55
Q

What happens in the third period of mourning?

A
  • Normal life resumes
  • Mourners do not listen to music/go to parties
  • Kaddish daily
56
Q

What happens in the final period of mourning?

A
  • 11 months long
  • Not allowed to attend parties
57
Q

What happens after the first year of death?

A

Formal mourning ends

58
Q

What does kosher mean?

A

Acceptable to eat

59
Q

What does trefah mean?

A

Unacceptable to eat

60
Q

Why do Jewish kitchens have separate food prep areas?

A

Milk and meat cannot be mixed

61
Q

Where do dietary laws originate from?

A

Torah passages

62
Q

Why do Orthodox Jews follow dietary laws?

A

Test from God for self-control and obedience

63
Q

How are Kosher animals killed?

A
  • Slaughtered with knife
  • Animal conscious when killed
  • Animal blood drained
64
Q

Give a quote that backs up the belief of dietary laws

A

“You shall not boil a kid in its mother’s milk”” Exodus 23:19”

65
Q

What is Rosh Hashanah?

A

Festival that marks Jewish new year

66
Q

What do Jews believe about God’s role in Rosh Hashanah?

A
  • God judges actions
  • Decides fortune of coming year
67
Q

What is Yom Kippur?

A
  • Holiest & most important day of year
  • When God’s judgement from Rosh Hashanah is finalised
68
Q

What do Jews do during the ten days between the start of Rosh Hashanah & Yom Kippur?

A
  • Jews make up for wrongdoings over past year
  • Seek forgiveness from God
69
Q

How do Jews observe Rosh Hashanah?

A
  • Take actions that will improve God’s judgement
  • Festive meal
  • Synagogue service
70
Q

How do Jews observe Yom Kippur?

A
  • Attending synagogue
  • Ask God to forgive sins
  • Wear white for purity
  • Fast for 25 hours
71
Q

What is Pesach (Passover)?

A
  • 7/8 day festival
  • Celebrates Jews’ escape from slavery in Egypt
72
Q

What is Passover Seder?

A
  • Meal with special foods that families share on first evening of Pesach
73
Q

How do Jews prepare for Pesach?

A

Remove yeast from home

74
Q

What does removing yeast from the home symbolise?

A

When the Jews did not have time to let their bread rise from when they escaped Egypt

75
Q

What does red wine symbolise?

A

Lambs’ blood Jews smeared on doorposts to save children from plague

76
Q

What does unleavened bread symbolise?

A

God’s command to celebrate Egypt escape from eating unleavened bread for 7 days each year (Exodus 12:15)

77
Q

What does the egg and lamb bone on the Seder plate symbolise?

A

Sacrifices made in Jerusalem Temple

Religous Studies GSCE AQA (6 decks)

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