T3 - Spinal Cord

Question 1

• THINK PROFOUND HYPERTENSION
• FULL BLADDER - stimulus sent up ascending tract and what happens is as it goes up - at T-6 the brain cannot be told of the pain but it does cause hypertension by causing constriction (that is the reaction)

-RESULT = LOW HR and HIGH BP
Flushed above the injury
Pale below the injury (goosebumps below because so restricted)
Severe headache
Nausea, restlessness

Answer 1

Autinomic dysreflexia or hyperreflexia

Question 2

Autonomic dysreflexia:
1st reaction = ____ PATIENT ___ to try and get __ down
2nd step = _______________
3rd step ___________

Answer 2

1. Sit patient up and try to get BP down
2. Call for help
3. survey for cause

Question 3

Autonomic dysreflexia:
BP will be _____
HR will be ______
What will hurt? ______
What about vision?_______
How will the person be acting? _______
How will the person look above the injury?_____
How will they look below the injury?______
What will be going on with their bowel/bladder ______

Answer 3

High BP
Low HR
Headache
Blurry vision
Restless behavior
Flushed face
Pale below injury
Bladder and bowel distended

Question 4

What are the 4 types of MS?

Answer 4

• Relapsing-remitting
• Primary progressive
• Secondary progressive
• Progressive-relapsing

Question 5

MS Risk Factors

Answer 5

Viruses or infectious agents
Cold Climate
Physical Injury
Emotional Stress
Pregnancy
Overexertion
Temperature Extremes
Hot showers

Question 6

MS symptoms

Answer 6

Fatigue
Pain or Paresthesia
Diplopia - eye problems
Tinnitus
Dysphagia
Muscle Spasticity
Ataxia
Bladder Dysfunction

Question 7

MS MEds

Answer 7

Immunosuppressives - azathioprine & cyclosporine

Corticosteroids - prednisone

Immunomodulators - interferon beta

Anticonvulsants - carbamazepine

Antispasmodics - dantrolene, baclofen

Question 8

What motor neurons are affected with ALS?

Answer 8

Upper and Lower

Question 9

Muscle weakness, wasting, atrophy

muscle spasticity and hyperreflexia

fasciculations

brain stem signs

dysarthria, dysphagia, dyspnea, respiratory paralysis

fatigue

All of this is what?

Answer 9

ALS

Question 10

fasciculations

Answer 10

a brief, spontaneous contraction affecting a small number of muscle fibers, often causing a flicker of movement under the skin. It can be a symptom of disease of the motor neurons.

Question 11

What is elevated in ALS?

Answer 11

CPK

Question 12

What drugs can help with ALS even though there is no cure?

Answer 12

Riluzole - slows progression, hepatotoxic

Antispasmodics

Question 13

What kind of nutrition for ALS?

Answer 13

Enteral