T3-CNS-Brain-Meningitis and Encephalitis

Question 1

Inflammation of the meninges =

Answer 1

Meningitis

Question 2

What causes Viral meningitis?

Answer 2

mumps, measles, herpes and west nile

Question 3

What causes fungal meningitis?

Answer 3

AIDS

Question 4

What causes bacterial meningitis?

Answer 4

otitis media, pneumonia, sinusitis, immunosuppression, invasive procedures, overcrowded living conditions,

Question 5

What are the main two bacteria that cause bacterial meningitis?

Answer 5

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Neisseria meningitis

Question 6

Symptoms of meningitis:

Answer 6

Fever
Nuchal rigidity
Photophobia
N/V
Increased ICP
Positive kernigs and brudzinskis signs

Question 7

Reflex contraction & pain in hamstring when extend leg after flexion at hip.

Answer 7

kernig’s sign

Question 8

Involuntary flexion of knee when neck flexed.

Answer 8

Brudzinski’s sign

Question 9

What is the difference in the lab values of viral and bacterial meningitis?

Answer 9

Glucose in the labs. It would be decreased in bacterial.

Question 10

What kind of precautions for bacterial meningitis?

Answer 10

DROPLET

Question 11

Nursing care of Meningitis:

Answer 11

• Fever reduction
• Dark, quiet environment
• Bedrest, HOB elevated
• Seizure precautions
• Neuro checks q 2-4 hours
• Cranial nerves III, IV, VI, VII, VIII

Question 12

What kind of cranial nerves do you have to check for

Answer 12

-Cranial nerves III, IV, VI, VII, VIII

Question 13

What is drug therapy for meningitis

Answer 13

-broad spectrum antibiotic
-fever reducers
-hyperosmolars
-anticonvulsants (pheny)
steroids

Question 14

Inflammation of the brain

Answer 14

encephalitis

Question 15

What parts of the brain are affected by encephalitis?

Answer 15

Cerebrum, brain stem and cerebellum

Question 16

What causes encephalits?

Answer 16

Arbovirus spread by vectors
Enterovirus such as herpes
Amebic meningoencephaliti

Question 17

symptoms

Answer 17

high fever
changes in mental status
motor dysfunction
photophobia
faituges
joint pain 
signs of increased icp

Question 18

Test for encephalitis:

Answer 18

lumbar punctur
eeg
ct scan

Question 19

Preventative measure of encephalitis:

protection from _______

Answer 19

mosquitoes

Question 20

Tx for encephalitis

Answer 20

acyclovir if herpes

supportive otherwise