T3 Quantitative Research Design Flashcards
Blueprint for data collection, measurement and analysis
RESEARCH DESIGN
Ensures that research problem is addressed
RESEARCH DESIGN
TYPES OF RESEARCH DESIGN
- QUANTITATIVE
- QUALITATIVE
- MIXED METHOD
uses a quantitative research methods by collecting quantifiable information to be used for statistical analysis of the population sample. This is very common when dealing with research in the physical sciences
DESCRIPTIVE
It can also be carried out using the qualitative research method, to properly describe the research problem.
DESCRIPTIVE
researchers cannot control the variables like they do in experimental research
DESCRIPTIVE
to present patients in their natural clinical setting
CASE REPORTS/CASE SERIES
Focus on a group, institution, or other social unit such as: particular school, healthcare setting, community or family
CASE REPORTS/CASE SERIES
In-depth description of individuals’ condition or response to treatment
CASE REPORTS/CASE SERIES
Descriptive account of a characteristic observed in a group of subjects
CASE REPORTS/CASE SERIES
Usually prepared for novel, unusual or atypical features identified in patients in medical practice to potentially generate new research questions
DESCRIPTIVE: CASE REPORTS/CASE SERIES
Observes and describes subjects
DESCRIPTIVE: CASE REPORTS/CASE SERIES
Requires no research hypothesis
DESCRIPTIVE: CASE REPORTS/CASE SERIES
Commonly used to identify interesting observations for future research and planning
DESCRIPTIVE: CASE REPORTS/CASE SERIES
”collection of information from a sample of individuals through their responses to questions”
SURVEY RESEARCH
uses surveys to gather data about varying subjects
SURVEY RESEARCH
data aims to know the extent to which different conditions can be obtained among these
subjects
SURVEY RESEARCH
cause-and-effect relationship between a set of independent and dependent variables
EXPERIMENTAL
Subjects are subjected to treatment/intervention based on a predesignated plan
EXPERIMENTAL
TYPES OF EXPERIMENTAL
- TRUE experimental
- QUASI experimental
- SINGLE SUBJECT experimental
resemble the experimental group but do not receive the experimental treatment.
CONTROL GROUP
provides a reliable baseline data to which you can compare the experimental results
CONTROL GROUP
participants who receive the experimental treatment
EXPERIMENTAL GROUP
also called the predictor variable because it is the presumed cause of the differences in the outcome variable
INDEPENDENT VARIABLE
also called the outcome variable because it is the outcome that the research is studying
DEPENDENT VARIABLE
The researcher does not manipulate this
DEPENDENT VARIABLE
participants have to be randomly assigned to the sample groups
RANDOM ASSIGNMENT
each research participant must have an equal chance of being assigned to each sample group
RANDOM ASSIGNMENT
either the participant or the investigator is not informed of the nature of treatment the participant is receiving
SINGLE BLINDING / SINGLE-MASKED
both study population/participant and data collectors/investigators/researchers are not aware of the kind or nature of the treatment given and who receive the treatment
DOUBLE BLINDING / DOUBLE-MASKED
the study participant, the data investigator or data collector and the data analyzer- all are
blinded
TRIPLE BLINDING
exact opposite of blinding, where all the participant, clinicians, data collectors, specialists
are well known about the treatment/intervention they receiv
UNBLINDED / OPEN-LABEL
SAME with True experimental but LACK of random assignment AND/OR control group
QUASI EXPERIMENTAL
Allows the researcher to draw conclusions about the effects of treatment based on the response of single patient
SINGLE SUBJECT EXPERIMENTAL
involve serial observations of individuals before, during, and after interventions, providing feedback that reflects clinical outcomes
SINGLE SUBJECT EXPERIMENTAL
ELEMENTS OF SINGLE SUBJECT EXPERIMENTAL
- Repeated Measurement
- Design Phases
usually conducted to have a better understanding of the existing problem, but usually does not lead to a conclusive result.
EXPLORATORY
the process of investigating a problem that has not been studied or thoroughly investigated in the past
EXPLORATORY
often probes data about personal, environmental, behavioral, or genetic influences that may explain health outcomes
EXPLORATORY
Subjects and variables pertaining to them are observed and described
OBSERVATIONAL
No treatment/intervention takes place other than the continuation of normal workflow
OBSERVATIONAL
TYPES OF OBSERVATIONAL
- CROSS SECTIONAL
- CASE CONTROL
- COHORT/LONGITUDINAL
The researcher studies a stratified group of subjects at one point in time and draws conclusions about a population by comparing the characteristics of those strata
OBSERVATIONAL- CROSS
SECTIONAL
involves the examination of data that have been collected in the PAST
RETROSPECTIVE
often obtained from medical records, databases or surveys
RETROSPECTIVE
Variables are measured through direct recording in the PRESENT
PROSPECTIVE
studies are conducted using human populations to evaluate whether there is a correlation or causal relationship between exposure to a substance and adverse health effects
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL
Elements of Research Design
- The approach
- Population, sample and sampling technique
- Time and place of data collection
- Tools and Methods of data collection
- Method of data analysis
