T3 | Protecting Data Flashcards
OS Patches
OS patches will fix any security loopholes that hackers could use
Anti-virus software
- Runs in the background
2. Maintains a virus definition database
Heuristic analysis
Doesn’t scan every file
What happens if the Anti-Virus detects a virus?
- Quarantined
2. Deleted
Detecting a virus
Each file is scanned to see if it contains any virus definitions
Real-Time Scan
Each file is scanned before it is saved/copied/opened/run
Disadvantage of Real-Time Scan
- May be a short delay between actions as files are scanned
Full-Scan
Checks every file on the PC, usually scheduled for regular intervals
Disadvantage of Full-Scan
- May take hours
2. Slows down PC
Quarantine
An area where no file can be opened or run
Removal
Removal is difficult as viruses can change their characteristics to avoid detection and removal
Protecting against hackers (passwords)
- Passwords should be hard to guess
- Use different passwords
- Change passwords regularly
Validating a new password
Between 10 and 15 characters, mixture of numbers/letters/symbols/lower and upper case
Verification methods
- Send code to mobile
2. Security question
Security question
Usually will only ask for certain characters from it (prevents keyloggers getting info)
Foiling Spyware
Using a drop-down list instead of key presses (keylogger)
Captcha
Captchas prevent brute-force attacks at password cracking
Password Manager
- Passwords all stored in one place
2. Requires 1 password to access all passwords
Firewalls
Designed to prevent unauthorised access to or from a private network (forms a barrier)
Ports
Data from internet goes through a specific port (certain ports might be blocked by a firewall)
Two-way Firewall
Two way will prevent malware as well as other things
SPI (Stateful Packet Inspection)
Where packets of data incoming are checked for legitimacy
Home Router Firewall
Home routers usually contain effective hardware firewall
Limitations of Firewalls
- Cannot prevent an inside attack
- Network could be slowed if improperly configured
- Cannot protect against external drive malware
