T3 Ecosystems revision Flashcards
List the three types of Adaptations
Structural; Functional; Behavioural
What is an Adaptation?
A feature that an organism has that enables it to survive.
What does Abiotic factors mean?
Abiotic factors are NON-LIVING factors of the environment i.e. Water; humidity; temperature; wind;
What does Biotic factors mean?
Biotic factors are LIVING factors of the environment i.e. Animals and plants
Why is the sun considered the ultimate source of energy for life on Earth?
It is needed for PRODUCERS to make their own food i.e. Photosynthesis
Mutualism is
relationship between two organisms living closely together where each benefits from each other
Parasitism is
the relationship between two organisms where one organism lives on or in the other and feeds off it
What is Photosynthesis?
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants make their own food.
What is the worded equation for Photosynthesis?
Carbon dioxide + Water –> sunlight & chorophyll–> Glucose + Oxygen
What affects the rate of Photosynthesis?
Amount of sunlight; available water and carbon dioxide; temperature
Competition is
relationship between torganisms that are trying to use the same limited source.
Commensalism is
relationship between two organisms where one benefits and the other is unharmed.
Decomposers are
organisms such as some bacteria that break down the bodies of dead organisms and animals wastes and recycle material.
What happens to Energy in an ecosystem?
Energy is recycled in an ecosystem.
Give an example of a chemical pesticide
DDT. DDT is one example of a dangerous insecticide that entered the foodchain and the amount accumulated along the food chain.
Producers
are organisms that make their own food. Are sometimes called AUTOTROPHS
Consumer
are organisms that require ready made source of food.
Carnivore
an organism that obtains nutrients from flesh of an animal
Herbivore
are organisms that obtain their nutrients from plant materials
Omnivore
are organisms that obtain their nutrients from eating plants and animals.
What is biodiversity?
Biodiversity means the range of different species in a community.
Community
Community are all the living organisms in an ecosystem.
<p>
| List the major ways in which humans have damage ecosystems</p>
<p>
| Introduced species; habitat destruction; chemical pesticides; overcropping; chemical pollution.</p>
Define Ecosystems
A system of living organisms interacting with one another and with their non-living surroundings.
List examples of introduced species
Cane toad; rabbit; cat
Define Feral animal
An introduced species that have become established in the wild
Give an example of a structural adaptation
A polar bear’s fur; A bat eared fox’s big ears; Zebra’s stripes; Sharp claws on a badger help it to dig;
Give an example of a functional adaptation
plants can carry out photosynthesis and so make their own chemical energy; dogs have a very sensitive sense of smell.
Give an example of a behavioural adaptation
Camouflage; Mimicry; Instinct; Migrating; Hibernating; learned behaviour; Penguins huddling together to stay warm;
Human impact can reduce biodiversity by
removing habitats; competition from introduced species; polluting etc
Soil moisture, sunlight, air temperature, soil texture are all examples of Biotic or Abiotic Factors?
Abiotic factors are NON-LIVING factors of the environment i.e. Water; humidity; temperature; wind;
In the following food chain pondweed -> tadpole -> Longneck tortoise. Which organism is a 2nd order consumer?
Longneck tortoise
In the following food chain pondweed -> tadpole -> Longneck tortoise. Which organism is a producer?
Ponweed
