T3 Ecosystems revision

Question 1

List the three types of Adaptations

Answer 1

Structural; Functional; Behavioural

Question 2

What is an Adaptation?

Answer 2

A feature that an organism has that enables it to survive.

Question 3

What does Abiotic factors mean?

Answer 3

Abiotic factors are NON-LIVING factors of the environment i.e. Water; humidity; temperature; wind;

Question 4

What does Biotic factors mean?

Answer 4

Biotic factors are LIVING factors of the environment i.e. Animals and plants

Question 5

Why is the sun considered the ultimate source of energy for life on Earth?

Answer 5

It is needed for PRODUCERS to make their own food i.e. Photosynthesis

Question 6

Mutualism is

Answer 6

relationship between two organisms living closely together where each benefits from each other

Question 7

Parasitism is

Answer 7

the relationship between two organisms where one organism lives on or in the other and feeds off it

Question 8

What is Photosynthesis?

Answer 8

Photosynthesis is the process by which plants make their own food.

Question 9

What is the worded equation for Photosynthesis?

Answer 9

Carbon dioxide + Water –> sunlight & chorophyll–> Glucose + Oxygen

Question 10

What affects the rate of Photosynthesis?

Answer 10

Amount of sunlight; available water and carbon dioxide; temperature

Question 11

Competition is

Answer 11

relationship between torganisms that are trying to use the same limited source.

Question 12

Commensalism is

Answer 12

relationship between two organisms where one benefits and the other is unharmed.

Question 13

Decomposers are

Answer 13

organisms such as some bacteria that break down the bodies of dead organisms and animals wastes and recycle material.

Question 14

What happens to Energy in an ecosystem?

Answer 14

Energy is recycled in an ecosystem.

Question 15

Give an example of a chemical pesticide

Answer 15

DDT. DDT is one example of a dangerous insecticide that entered the foodchain and the amount accumulated along the food chain.

Question 16

Producers

Answer 16

are organisms that make their own food. Are sometimes called AUTOTROPHS

Question 17

Consumer

Answer 17

are organisms that require ready made source of food.

Question 18

Carnivore

Answer 18

an organism that obtains nutrients from flesh of an animal

Question 19

Herbivore

Answer 19

are organisms that obtain their nutrients from plant materials

Question 20

Omnivore

Answer 20

are organisms that obtain their nutrients from eating plants and animals.

Question 21

What is biodiversity?

Answer 21

Biodiversity means the range of different species in a community.

Question 22

Community

Answer 22

Community are all the living organisms in an ecosystem.

Question 23

<p>

| List the major ways in which humans have damage ecosystems</p>

Answer 23

<p>

| Introduced species; habitat destruction; chemical pesticides; overcropping; chemical pollution.</p>

Question 24

Define Ecosystems

Answer 24

A system of living organisms interacting with one another and with their non-living surroundings.

Question 25

List examples of introduced species

Answer 25

Cane toad; rabbit; cat

Question 26

Define Feral animal

Answer 26

An introduced species that have become established in the wild

Question 27

Give an example of a structural adaptation

Answer 27

A polar bear’s fur; A bat eared fox’s big ears; Zebra’s stripes; Sharp claws on a badger help it to dig;

Question 28

Give an example of a functional adaptation

Answer 28

plants can carry out photosynthesis and so make their own chemical energy; dogs have a very sensitive sense of smell.

Question 29

Give an example of a behavioural adaptation

Answer 29

Camouflage; Mimicry; Instinct; Migrating; Hibernating; learned behaviour; Penguins huddling together to stay warm;

Question 30

Human impact can reduce biodiversity by

Answer 30

removing habitats; competition from introduced species; polluting etc

Question 31

Soil moisture, sunlight, air temperature, soil texture are all examples of Biotic or Abiotic Factors?

Answer 31

Abiotic factors are NON-LIVING factors of the environment i.e. Water; humidity; temperature; wind;

Question 32

In the following food chain pondweed -> tadpole -> Longneck tortoise. Which organism is a 2nd order consumer?

Answer 32

Longneck tortoise

Question 33

In the following food chain pondweed -> tadpole -> Longneck tortoise. Which organism is a producer?

Answer 33

Ponweed