T2DM Pathophysiology Flashcards by Seth Allen | Brainscape

Q

What are incretins?

A

Hormones that reduce blood glucose

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Q

Name 2 incretins

A

GLP-1 and GIP

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Q

What drugs work on incretins?

A

DPP-4 Inhibitors (gliptins)

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Q

What causes microvascular complications?

A

Beta cell dysfuncion (chronic hyperglycaemia)

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Q

List some microvascular complications of diabetes?

A

Retinopathy, Neuropathy, Nephropathy

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Q

What causes macrovascular complications?

A

Insulin resistance

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Q

What are macrovascular complications?

A

CVD, Peripheral vascular disease, CHD

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Q

Mechanism of metformin?

A

Blocks hepatic gluconeogensis

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Q

Positives of Metformin

A

No hypos

Weight loss

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Q

Mechanism of sulphonylureas

A

Block beta cell Potassium channel

Increases insulin secretion

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Q

Weight gain or loss with sulphonylureas?

A

Gain

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Q

What do glitazones do

A

Enhance insulin action

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