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Endocrinology > T2DM medications > Flashcards

T2DM medications Flashcards

1
Q

drugs that cause weight gain

A

sulphonylureas
glitazones
insulin

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2
Q

drugs that cause weight loss

A

SGLT2 inhibitors
GLP1 analogues

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3
Q

drugs that have better CV outcomes than others

A

metformin
possibly glitazones
SGLT2
some GLP1 analogues

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4
Q

main contraindications for metformin

A

eGFR<30

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5
Q

main contraindications for glitazones

A

congestive cardiac failure, bladder neoplasm

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6
Q

main contraindications for DPP4 inhibitors

A

history of pancreatitis

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7
Q

main contraindications for GLP1 analogues

A

history of pancreatitis

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8
Q

main contraindications for SGLT2 inhibitors

A

risk of DKA
eGFR restrictions

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9
Q

adverse effects of metformin

A

GI eg diarrhoea. slow increase in dose helps
Lactic acidosis, esp in renal impairment or alcohol

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10
Q

adverse effects of SUs

A

hypos
weight gain

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11
Q

adverse effects of glitazones

A

oedema
weight gain
fractures

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12
Q

adverse effects of DPP4 inhibitors

A

nausea

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13
Q

adverse effects of SGLT2 inhibitors

A

UTI

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14
Q

adverse effects of GLP1 analogues

A

nausea

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15
Q

adverse effects of insulin

A

hypos
weight gain

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16
Q

low cost drugs so more preferable

A

metformin
SUs
glitazone
insulin (moderate)

17
Q

low cost drugs so more preferable

A

metformin
SUs
glitazone
insulin (moderate)

18
Q

drugs with no restriction in renal

A

SUs
glitazone
insulin

19
Q

renal restrictions for metformin

A

stop if eGFR<30

20
Q

renal restrictions for DPP4 inhibitors

A

reduced dose in CKD

21
Q

renal restrictions for GLP1 analogues

A

avoid if eGFR<30

22
Q

GLP1 analogues ending

A

…tide

23
Q

DPP4 inhibitors ending

A

…gliptins

24
Q

sulphonylureas ending

A

gli…ides

25
Q

SGLT2 inhibitors ending

A

…glifozins

26
Q

stable fasting glucose

A

Between 4.0 to 5.4 mmol/L (72 to 99 mg/dL) when fasting
7+ is diabetes

27
Q

stable HbA1C

A

48mmol/l in diabetes
normal 42mmol/l
prediabetes is 42-47

28
Q

healthy BMI

A

18.5-24.5

29
Q

diabetes random glucose finger prick

A

11.1 or more

30
Q

aim blood pressure for diabetics

A

130/80

31
Q

sulfonylurea MOA

A

Sulfonylureas act by increasing insulin secretion from pancreatic islet cells.

32
Q

metformin MOA

A

inhibiting gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis in the liver, and increasing insulin sensitivity

33
Q

sulfonylureas MOA

A

increased sensitivity of muscle and fat tissue to insulin, thereby increasing glucose uptake.

Endocrinology (9 decks)

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