T2 04 UK starter

Question 1

Explain why there was a shift towards a more comprehensive welfare state (1939-1951?)

Answer 1

*Legacies of the 1930s and hardships of WWII
*Shift to a more collectivist attitude
* The Beveridge Report 1942

Question 2

Explain at least one reason why Clement Attlee won a landslide at the July 1945 General Election?

Answer 2

• Let us Face the Future supported BR
• Labour MP’s service during Wartime Gov.
• Tory problems (Associated with hardships of the 1930s and mistakes in their campaign)

Question 3

List at least two Acts that were introduced by Attlee that made up his ‘New Jerusalem’ (Welfare State)?

Answer 3

• The Family Allowances Act, 1945
• The National Insurance Act, 1946
• The Industrial Injuries Act, 1946
• The National Assistance Act, 1948
• Creation of NHS 1948

Question 4

Explain what happened to the Welfare State between 1951-1964?

Answer 4

It continued under the Conservatives, creating the post-war consensus

Question 5

Define the ‘New Right’ and why they challenged the welfare state?

Answer 5

‘New Right’ - A branch of political (and sociological thinking) that emerged in the 70s. Inefficiency, inflation and dependency culture.

Question 6

What acts/bodies began to expand healthcare provision in the interwar years?

Answer 6

Ministry of Health (1919)
Local Government Act (1929)
Emergency Medical Service (1939)

Question 7

What problems existed in healthcare in the interwar years?

Answer 7

Regional Inequality
Many had to rely on private health insurance
Less than half the population insured against illness by 1929

Question 8

What caused the creation of the NHS?

Answer 8

Emergency Medical Service - blueprint for national health system
The Beveridge Report 1942

Question 9

What were the principles of the NHS laid out in the National Health Service Act 1946?

Answer 9

Healthcare would be universal, comprehensive and free at the point of use

Question 10

How was the NHS to be structured?

Answer 10

A nationalised, tripartite system