T14S1 Imaging Of The Heart Flashcards
Can the heart be normal if the CTR is more than 50%?
Yes
What is the cardio-thoracic ratio and what should it be normally?
The widest diameter of the heart compared to the widest internal diameter of the rib cage. It should be less than 50%
Extra-cardiac causes of cardiac enlargement
Portable AP films Obesity Pregnant Ascites Straight back syndrome Pectus excavatum
On a lateral CXR there will be inward displacement of the sternum in what deformity?
Pectus excavatum
Pericardial Fat Cusions
Fat between the pericardium and myocardium that increase with age
The 5 contours of the heart in the frontal CXR
Ascending aorta Double density of LA enlargement Aortic knob Main pulmonary artery Indentation for LA
Large aorta
Marfan’s syndrome
Aortic valve lesions
Syphilis
Measuring of the aortic knob
From lateral border of air in the trachea to the edge of the aortic knob. It should be <35mm
What causes an enlarged aortic knob?
Increased pressure
Increased flow
Changes in aortic wall
Main pulmonary artery projects beyond tangent
Increased pressure
Increased flow
MPA more than 15mm from tangent
MPA is small or absent Tangent line is pushed away by LV/aortic knob Truncus arteriosus Tetralogy of Fallot Common
Straightening of the left heart border
LA enlargement
Conveying below the MPA
LA appendage enlargement
Structures on the right border of the heart on the CXR
R brachiocephalic vein
SVC
RA
IVC (not visible)
Structures on the left border of the heart on the CXR
L subclavian vein Aortic knob MPA LA appendage LV
