T1/ LECT 2 Flashcards
1
Q
what is statistics?
A
- is a toolkit that researchers se to collect, describe and analyse data.
- allows researchers to make snese of data.
2
Q
systematic variation
A
different sets of groups
3
Q
co - variation
A
variation of different variables are connected
4
Q
2 types of variables
A
categoriacal
quatitative
5
Q
explain categorical variable
A
take category or label values
place an individual into one of several categories/groups
categories
6
Q
explain categorical variable
A
- take category or label values
- place an individual into one of several categories/groups
- categories are mutually exclusive
- cannot be ordered/ranked
7
Q
examples of categorical variables:
A
- gender
- ethnicity
- location of living
- intention etc
8
Q
explain quantitative variables:
A
- numerical values
- represent a form of measurement
- be ordered
9
Q
examples of quantitative variables
A
- age
- measurement of physical properities
- ‘gradual’ behaviours - degree of liking /agreement (1 to 10 etc)
10
Q
depicting single categorical variables:
A
- piechart
- barcharts
- frequency and precentage
11
Q
depicting quantitative variables
A
-histogram
12
Q
depicting relationships between variables
A
a bar chart can be used to depect the realtipnship between 2 or more variables
13
Q
how to calculate precentage?
A
(frequency / n) x 100
14
Q
how to produce histograms
A
- order variables into intervales
e.g - (1-5, 6-10) etc - count how many variables fell into each interval
- map count onto y-axis and intervals onto x-axis
- count each value once
no overlaps in intervals
15
Q
proportion =
A
precentage
