T1 - Intro to IT - Computer Components

Question 1

Hard Disk

Answer 1

A disk on which information is saved and stored in the computer even when it is not connected to a power supply.

Question 2

Monitor

Answer 2

An output device that displays information in pictorial form, allowing the user to interact with the computer interface and open programs typically using a keyboard and mouse.

Question 3

Input Device

Answer 3

A piece of equipment used to translate data into a form that the computer can understand.

(keyboard, mouse, microphone, flash drive, CD…)

Question 4

Output Device

Answer 4

Any piece of computer hardware equipment used to convert translate information into a form that humans can understand.

(text, graphics, tactile, audio, video…)

Question 5

Motherboard

Answer 5

One of the most essential parts of a computer that hold s many of the crucial components of a computer, including connectors for input and output devices.

Question 6

Network Cables

Answer 6

Hardware that connect and transfer data and information between computers.

Question 7

Wi-Fi Routers

Answer 7

Hardware that Transmits, receives, and decodes information sent using radio waves.

Question 8

Laser Printers

Answer 8

Hardware that uses a laser to form a pattern of electrostatically charged dots on a light-sensitive drum, which then attracts toner, and then transfers to paper via a heating process.

Question 9

Expansion Card

Answer 9

A printed circuit board that can be inserted into an electrical connector or expansion slot on a computer motherboard, backplane, or riser card to add functionality to a computer system via the expansion bus.

Question 10

Expansion Bus

Answer 10

A collection of wires and protocols that allows for the expansion of a computer.

Question 11

Modem

Answer 11

A computer peripheral used to transmit information between computer systems (home to ISP) by converting data into analog across a phone line, and then back again.

Question 12

Router

Answer 12

A peripheral that directs traffic across multiple devices like PC, laptop, and smart phone, as well as IoTs.

Question 13

Twisted Pair Cables

Answer 13

The most widely used type of transmission media. Two common types of twisted pair cables are unshielded twisted pair (UTP) and shielded twisted pair (STP).

Question 14

Coaxial Cables

Answer 14

An outer plastic covering containing two parallel conductors, each having a separate insulated cover.

Coaxial cable transmits information in two modes: baseband mode, with dedicated cable bandwidth, and broadband mode, in which cable bandwidth is split into separate ranges.

(about 80 times the bandwidth of twisted wires)

Question 15

Optical Wire Cable

Answer 15

A core is surrounded by a less dense glass or plastic covering called the cladding. Optical wire cables are able to transmit large volumes of data.

(up to 26,000 times the bandwidth of the twisted pair wires)

Question 16

Repeater

Answer 16

A Networking device that passes signals back and forth between two buses without considering the meaning of the signals.

Question 17

Bridge

Answer 17

A slightly more sophisticated version of a repeater, only forwarding messages addressed to a computer on the other side.

Question 18

Switch

Answer 18

Bridges that connect more than two lines.

Question 19

Kernel

Answer 19

The internal part of an operating system that contains the operating system components that perform the basic functions required by the computer installation.

(File Manager)

Question 20

Compiler

Answer 20

Translates source code into machine language; checks source code for errors before translating it into object code.

Question 21

Interpreter

Answer 21

Translate and execute source code one line at a time. If the interpreter finds an error, the process is terminated at the statement containing the error and displays an error message.

Question 22

Expansion Slots

Answer 22

Sockets on the motherboard (within the chassis) where expansion cards can be installed.

(graphics cards, sound cards, network cards…)

Question 23

Ports

Answer 23

Sockets that allow cables to be plugged in without opening the system unit (outside the computer chassis).

(USB, HDMI, SD…).

Question 24

3 Parts of a CPU

Answer 24

ALU

Control Unit

Resistor Unit

Question 25

2 Types of Hard Drives

Answer 25

HDD / SSD

Question 26

Control Unit

Answer 26

Contains the circuitry coordinating the machine’s activities.

Question 27

Resistor Unit

Answer 27

Contains data storage cells called registers.

Question 28

Registers

Answer 28

High-speed storage areas in the CPU that serve as temporary holding places for data being manipulated by the CPU.

Question 29

5 Types of Registers

Answer 29

MAR / MDR / AC / PC / CIR

Question 30

Bus or Bus Line

Answer 30

Wires that serve as electrical roadways, transmitting information between the CPU and other components.

Question 31

Types of Busses

Answer 31

Address Busses

Data Busses

Control Busses

Question 32

Address Bus

Answer 32

Carries the destination address of where the data is assigned to be processed.

Question 33

Data Bus

Answer 33

Carries data between the processor, the memory unit, and the input/output devices.

Question 34

Control Bus

Answer 34

Carries control signals (commands) from the CPU (and status signals from devices); controls and coordinates all activities within the computer system.

Question 35

System Unit

Answer 35

(Tower / Chassis)

The “box” that encases various internally installed components such as the motherboard, CPU, RAM, and power supply. Used to differentiate between the computer and its peripheral devices.