T1-Cells and movement Flashcards
name the 8 characteristics of life
M - movement R - respiration S - sensitivity H - homeostasis G - growth R - reproduction E - excretion N - nutrition
define the 8 characteristics of life
M - when a living organism moves a part of itself to change from its original position
R - a process in living organisms involving the production of energy ( intake of oxygen and release of carbon dioxide)
S - being able to react or sense stimuli in the environment
H - keeping a constant internal environment
G - the increase in number and spread of small or microscopic organisms
R - the action or process of making a copy of something. including the production of offspring by a sexual or asexual process.
E - when metabolic waste is eliminated from the body
N - to have the need to consume nutrients to survive
give an example of movement in an animal and plant
plant - a sunflower turning to face the sun.
animal - a dog walking.
give an example of respiration in an animal and plant
plant - photosynthesis.
animal - amoeba.
give an example of sensitivity in an animal and plant
plant - a venus fly trap sensing a bug.
animal - sense organs to tell them what is going on outside their bodies.
give an example of homeostasis in an animal and plant
plant - a cactus reflects sunlight to keep a constant body temp stable.
animal - bears keep a helpful body temp during hibernation.
give an example of growth in an animal and plant
plant - a tree growing in the woods.
animal - a cat getting bigger.
give an example of reproduction in an animal and plant
plant - cuttings (asexual reproduction).
animal - birds lay eggs to hatch new chicks.
give an example of excretion in an animal and plant
plant - plants do not excrete like an animal, they excrete through stomata in the leaves.
animal - an elephant excretes their body waste in the form of feces.
give an example of nutrition in an animal and plant
plant - suck up all nutrients in the soil like mineral oils.
animal - lions hunt animals like antelope to feed on as a source of food to survive.
what is an organelle?
small structure within a cell that carries out a specific function.
name all the cell structures found in an animal and the definition
nucleus - controls the cell as well as holds the DNA
cell membrane - a gate/barrier to keep unwanted substances out (waste) and wanted substances in (nutrients)
cytoplasm - jelly-like substance where chemical reactions occur
mitochondria - the powerhouse of the cell where
respiration takes place
ribosomes - where the protein is made
vacuole - a space in the cell with no cytoplasm, lined will a membrane and filled with sap.
name all the cell structures found in a plant and the definition
nucleus - controls the cell as well as holds the DNA
cell membrane - a gate/barrier to keep unwanted substances out (waste) and wanted substances in (nutrients)
cell wall - structural layer that gives the cell support
cytoplasm - jelly-like substance where chemical reactions occur
mitochondria - the powerhouse of the cell where
respiration takes place
ribosomes - where the protein is made
vacuole - a space in the cell with no cytoplasm, lined will a membrane and filled with sap.
chloroplast - contains chlorophyll and is where photosynthesis occurs
What is a cell?
cells provide structure for the body, take in nutrients from food and carry out important functions.
What is a specialised cell?
just cells designed to do a specific job
name 3 specialised cells and how they have adapted as well as what they do
Neurone - to carry nerve impulses to the brain. (very long to carry messages over long distances and well insulated)
red blood cell - carry oxygen around the body. (biconcave shape to increase surface area for carrying oxygen, contains haemoglobin which has an affinity for oxygen, no nucleus so there is more holding room for oxygen.)
sperm cell - fertilise the egg to make an offspring. (has a tail (flagellum) so it can swim, its head contains enzymes to break through the egg cell, its midpiece contains lots of mitochondria to release energy for swimming.)
