T1 5/02 Russia 1914 –1917 GPT Notes Flashcards
How many Russian soldiers died in WWI?
Over 2 million deaths and millions more wounded.
Why were food shortages severe in Russian cities?
The war disrupted agriculture, making it hard to supply food to cities like Petrograd and Moscow.
What were the effects of the war on Russian workers?
Harsh working conditions, long hours, and low wages led to strikes and protests.
How did WWI affect Russian peasants?
Many were drafted, reducing the agricultural workforce and worsening rural poverty.
Why did Russia experience extreme inflation during WWI?
The government printed more money to fund the war, devaluing the ruble.
How did the war affect Russian industries?
Factories focused on war production, leading to industrial collapse and unemployment.
What transport issues worsened economic problems?
Railways prioritized the military, making it difficult to transport food and fuel.
How did WWI impact Russia’s finances?
The war left Russia in massive debt, crippling the economy.
Why did Tsar Nicholas II lose public support?
His decision to personally lead the army (1915) left the government in chaos.
How did Rasputin contribute to political instability?
His influence over Tsarina Alexandra led to poor government decisions.
What role did the Duma play in opposing the Tsar?
The Duma became critical of the Tsar, demanding reforms.
How did revolutionary groups gain support during WWI?
Bolsheviks, Mensheviks, and Socialist Revolutionaries grew in influence due to rising discontent.
What was the biggest factor that led to the February Revolution?
WWI’s devastating social, economic, and political effects.
How did Tsar Nicholas II’s leadership failures contribute?
He refused to address crises and took direct control of the army, weakening his authority.
How did protests escalate in early 1917?
Strikes in Petrograd increased, demanding wages, food, and an end to autocracy.
What role did the army play in the revolution?
Soldiers mutinied and joined the protesters.
How did the Duma contribute to the fall of the Tsar?
It defied Nicholas II’s orders and took control of the government.
Why did Rasputin’s influence damage the monarchy?
His corruption scandals weakened public trust in the royal family.
What are five key interpretations of Nicholas II’s abdication?
- Poor Leadership
- Military Collapse
- Duma’s Role
- People’s Revolution
- Unavoidable Outcome
