T1 Flashcards
What is a state function?
A property that describes the state of a system at equilibrium regardless of how the system arrived at that state. Dependent only on the initial and final states of the system, not on the route taken between them.
What is a path function?
A property that can only be measured while a change in state is taking place, depends on the path taken between the initial and final states of the system.
Extensive property
Depends on the quantity of material present in the system
Intensive property
Independent of the quantity of material present in the system
Specific property
Extensive property divided by the mass
Molar property
Extensive property divided by the amount
Thermodynamics
The study of energy changes that take place during a physical or chemical change
The system
The part of the universe chosen for study
The surroundings
The part of the universe outside of the chosen system
Open system
Can be an exchange of energy and or matter with the surroundings
Closed system
Can only exchange energy with the surroundings
Isolated system
No exchange of energy or matter with the surroundings
Standard temperature and pressure
237.15K and 10^5 Pa(1bar)
The standard state
Refers to the standard pressure of 1 bar
Isothermal
Constant and uniform temperature
Isobaric
Constant pressure
Isochoric
Constant volume
Isentropic
Constant entropy
Adiabatic
No transfer of heat across the system boundary
Diathermic
Transfer of heat across the system boundary
Reversible process
When reversed, both the system and surroundings return to their original states. Takes place through an infinite sequence of equilibrium states.
Irreversible process
Cannot be reversed so that both the system and surroundings return to their exact original states
Carnots theorem
The maximum work is done by a reversible process
Energy
The capacity to do work
