Proteins

Question 1

What is regulating the expression of a gene?

Answer 1

Controlling the process by which the information encoded in a gene is used to produce its functional product

Question 2

What is transcriptional regulation?

Answer 2

Controlling the rate at which a gene is transcribed into messenger RNA (mRNA).

Question 3

What are the four DNA nucleotides?

Answer 3

adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G).

Question 4

What are the four RNA nucleotides?

Answer 4

adenine (A), uracil (U), cytosine (C), and guanine (G).

Question 5

What does a gene do?

Answer 5

It contains the instructions necessary to build and maintain an organism, particularly by directing the synthesis of proteins or functional RNA molecules.

Question 6

The information stored in a gene is “expressed” through which two key processes?

Answer 6

Transcription and Translation

Question 6

How many genes do humans have? (approx)

Answer 6

20,000 to 25,000 genes.

Question 7

What is transcription?

Answer 7

The DNA sequence of the gene is copied into messenger RNA (mRNA).

Question 8

What is translation?

Answer 8

The mRNA is used as a template to build a specific protein after transcription.