T/s - Theory Flashcards
When the thoracic spine is in a neutral position, lateral flexion will see the vertebral bodies rotate ____ toward the ___ side, and the SP’s rotate ___ toward the ___ side.
vertebral bodies: contralaterally, convex side
SPs:
ipsilaterally, concave side
When the thoracic spine is in a neutral position, lateral flexion will see the vertebral bodies translate ___ toward the ___ side.
contralaterally
convex side
When the thoracic spine is in hyperflexion or hyperextension & lateral flexion, the vertebral bodies will rotate _____, which means toward the ____ side.
ipsilaterally, concave
Ribs 1-6 increase in diametre in which direction?
anteriorly
Ribs 6-12 increase in diametre in which direction?
laterally
Ribs 8-12 move in a ___-like motion
caliper-like
Pectus excavatum is also called ___ and results from:
funnel chest
the sternum being pushed posteriorly by the overgrowth of the ribs
Pectus carinatum is also called ___ and results in…
pigeon chest
decreased effectiveness of breathing d/t restriction of chest volume
RT8 scoliosis would mean it is…
Convex to the __
Most lateral vertebrae is __
R side rib cage is pushed ___
R side TVP’s are pushed __
And translation occurs to the __
convex to the right
most lateral vertebrae: T8
R rib cage is pushed posteriorly
R side TVPs are pushed posteriorly
Translation occurs to the R
Leg length discrepancy would cause ___ scoliosis
functional
Describe:
hemivertebrae
wedge vertebrae
congenital bar
block vertebrae
hemi: complete failure of one side of vertebra to form
wedge: partial failure of one side of vertebra to form
congenital bar: some vertebrae partially fused together
block: some vertebrae completely fused together
Fryette’s laws of spinal motion say that when the spine is in neutral, lateral flexion and rotation are coupled ___laterally
contralaterally
Fryette’s laws of spinal motion say that when the spine is fully extended or flexed, lateral flexion and rotation are coupled __laterally
ipsilaterally
Fryette’s third law of spinal motion says…
when motion is introduced into a segment in one plane, motion in all other planes is reduced
What is the CPR for the thoracic spine?
lateral flexion and rotation equally limited, then extension
Explain the rule of 3’s
T1-3 SP’s are level with the TVPs
T4-6 SP’s are 1/2 level inferior to the TVPs
T7-9 SP’s are 1 level inferior to the TVPs
T10-11 match T4-6
T12 matches T1-3
Type 1 spinal dysfunctions are…
secondary or compensatory to a traumatic dysfunction
Type 2 spinal dysfunctions are…
a result of trauma and should be treated primarily
If a client is limited in R thoracic lateral flexion (in their normal standing posture), what would you want to improve using a joint mobilization?
Since contralateral rotation will accompany lateral flexion when the thoracic spine is in neutral, you would want to improve L rotation of the affected segment(s)
What limits rotational movement when the thoracic/lumbar spine is hyperflexed or extended?
PLL or ALL become taut
What are the borders of the interscalene triangle? What runs through it?
anterior scalene, middle scalene, and first rib (inferiorly)
brachial plexus & subclavian artery
What are the borders of the costoclavicular space? What runs through it?
Subclavius muscle
First rib and anterior scalene
Clavicle
Running through this: brachial plexus, subclavian artery & vein
What are the borders of the subcoracoid space? What runs through it?
Pectoralis minor muscle, ribs 2-4, and the coracoid process
Running through: brachial plexus, axillary artery, axillary vein
The thoracic vertebrae diminish in size from T_ to T_, then increase progressively until T12
T1-T3
