t 4

Question 1

Age effect

Answer 1

refers to the fact that young adults often report higher levels of concern over morality issues than older adults

Question 2

Gender effect

Answer 2

refers to the fact that women typically report higher levels of death anxiety than men

Question 3

Cosmic dimension

Answer 3

The definition of time is changed so that today and yesterday can be present at the same time

An increased feeling of being part of the flow of generations

People become less afraid of death as they get closer to it

The mystery of life is accepted

Question 4

The self

Answer 4

Individual looks back on himself at earlier phases in life and discovers hidden aspects of the self both good and bad

A new awareness of the fact that he/she is not the center of the universe

New awareness developed of how to take good care of the body without being obsessed with it

The individual notices how the focus on one’s own needs has gradually been transcended and replaced with a focus on the needs of others

ego integrity:When the individual achieves a fundamental acceptance of his/her own life

Question 5

social and personal relationships

Answer 5

Changed meaning and importance of relations

Individual reaches an understanding of the difference between self and the roles played in life, sometimes feeling an urge to abandon and transcend roles in order to come closer to the genuine self

Individual develops a new skill to transcend needless conventions, norms, and rules, which earlier in life had hindered freedom to express the self

Emergence of a new understanding that the last part of journey through life is easier and more joyful if one has enough to meet the modern definition of the necessities of life but no more

A reluctance to separate right from wrong and withholding judgements and giving advice

Question 6

trends in transcendence

Answer 6

Women show more cosmic transcendence than men do, but this difference between men and women decreases with age and disappears when reaching 65-74 years

Question 7

Women have higher gerotranscendence from 25-44 than men

Answer 7

This is because of the positive developmental crisis that occurs for many women when they give birth to their first child