T-1 Systems/Trans GK Flashcards
Red Colored Annunciator
Immediate Action, Danger
Yellow Colored Annunciator
Aircrew Action, not as serious
White Colored Annunciator
System Advisory
Green Colored Annunciator
System advisory - Widget working normally
Aural Tones sound for:
BEAR
B - Boldface situations
E - Exceeding flight envelope
A - Aircraft Configuration
R - Reminders (i.e.: cruise altitude)
Very Slow
Slow
On Speed
Fast
Very Fast
Engine Bypass Ratio
2:1
66% Bypass: 33% Core
What systems make up the Fire Protection System
- Overheat / Fire Detection System
- Fire Extinguishing Systems
Functions of the engine flow divider valve
- Separate fuel flow to engine into primary and secondary flows
1-23 Dash-1
Engine Driven Accessories
BASE
B - Bleed Air
A - Accessory Gearbox
S - Engine Synchronization System
E - Engine Vibration Indicators
ITT is measured in the engine nacelle by:
- 6x Thermo Couplers
- 2x T1 Probes
Cost/benefit of the bleed air system
Good:
- Air clean (no fuel, oil, or exhaust fumes)
- Hot
- Under pressure
- Large quantity available
Bad:
-Degrades engine performance
Fuel capacity of fuselage tanks
2462 lbs total
Fuel capacity of wing tanks
2781 lbs total
Boost Pump functions
- Engine start
- Cross feed fuel
- Primary Jet Pump backup
- Motive flow for transfer jet pumps
Explain Fuel Cross Feed
- Fuel flows from one wing to both engines
- Fuel flows only from whichever wing is selected by the Cross Feed controls
How much extra fuel can the T-1 take if pressure fueled ?
~215 lbs
Icing inhibitor required
0.04% - 0.15%
5-11 Dash-1
How many fuel tanks are in the T-1?
6x total:
- Left wing
- Right wing
- Left Mid
- Right Mid
- Aft Fuselage
- Aft Cabin
How many fuel probes are in the T-1?
12x total:
- 4x in left wing
- 4x in right wing
- 2x in left mid
- 1x Aft fuselage
- 1x Aft cabin
Allowed fuel types
Jet A
Jet A-1
Jet B
JP-4
JP-5
JP-8
JP-8 +100
Fuel Temperature Limitations
-40°C - +50°C
5-11 Dash-1
At what pressure does the fuel filter bypass valve open?
2.3 +/- 0.2 psi
1-51 Daash-1
When does wing overpressurization occur?
3.5 +/- 0.5 psi
1-49, 1-51 Dash-1
Items on the Left Hand Load Bus
NO RAISE
N – Nonessentials (L)
O – Overhead Panel
R – Radio Masters (L)
A - AHRS
I – Inverter 1
S – Standby Bus
E – Emergency Bus
Items on Right Hand Load Bus
IRON G
I - Inverter 2
R - Radio Masters (R)
O - Overhead Panel
N - Nonessentials (R)
G - Galley Bus (R Main)
Items on the Standby Bus
CRUISE
C – Copilot Instrument Lights
R – RTU 1
U – UHF
I – ITT (L)
S – Stby Attitude/Altimeter
E – EFC Eng Start
Items on the Emergency Bus
SLEEVES
S – Selected Left Hand Inst
L – Landing Gear Lts
E – Engine Fire/Cabin Smoke
E – Emergency Pitch Trim
V – VHF (NAV 1)
E – Emergency Lights
S – Standby Bus
Purpose of the GCU
GORE
G – Ground Fault Protection
O – Overvoltage Protection
R – Reverse current Protection
E – Equalize gen outputs
What is powered by the AC current system
PG FOG
P – Pitch trim indicator
G – GPWS
F – Flap ind & Flap assym
O – Oil Px ind (R&L)
G – GRE (Ground Recording Equip)
When does the boost pump automatically engage?
EFFC
E – Engine Start
F – Fuel Feed Chamber less than full
F – Fuel Pressure Low
C – Cross Feed
When does the Ignition System automatically activate?
SEE
S – Stick Shaker (Stall)
E – Engine Anti-Ice
E – Engine Start
What is contained in the Accessory Box?
SHOPPN
S – Starter Generator
H – HMU
O – Oil Pump
P – Hydraulic Pump
P – Engine Driven Fuel Pump
N – N2 Sensors
What is the nose gear strut extension?
Approx 3.5 inches for nominal CG
2-5 Dash-1
Hot Start possible causes
- Incorrect starting procedure
- Bleed air system(s) left on
- Early starter dropout
- No %N1 RPM during start (possibly frozen due to ice in the inlet)
- Leaking pneumatic line
- Faulty HMU or misadjusted HMU linkage
- Faulty igniter, power supply or igniters
1-29 Dash-1
False or Hung Start possible causes
- Incorrect starting procedure
- EFC not out of reversion
- Bleed air system(s) left on
- Faulty HMU
- Misadjusted HMU linkage or HMU regulating valve stuck
- Flow divider valve malfunction or leak
1-29, Dash-1
Engine Fails to Start
posible causes
- Incorrect starting procedure
- Faulty igniter system power supply or igniters
- Faulty HMU
- Misadjusted HMU linkage or HMU regulating valve stuck
- Faulty fuel supply system or contamination
- Flow divider valve malfunction or blockage
1-29 Dash-1
Engine Fails To Accelerate From Idle
(after a normal start)
possible causes
- EFC is not ON and out of reversion
- HMU or flow divider valve leaks or restrictions
- Faulty fuel supply system to engine or blockage
1-29 Dash-1
Normal engine start criteria
- Light-off occurs within 10 seconds after advancing the throttle to IDLE
- The engine accelerates normally to idle RPM
- ITT does not exceed the start temperature limitations during the acceleration to stabilized idle RPM
- Oil pressure is at least 40 psi
1-29 Dash-1
Land As Soon As Practicle
- Emergency conditions are less urgent and although the mission is to be terminated,
- The degree of the emergency is such that an immediate landing at the nearest adequate airfield may not be necessary.
Land As Soon As Possible
- An emergency will be declared. A landing should be accomplished at the nearest suitable airfield considering
- The severity of the emergency
- Weather conditions
- Field facilities
- Aambient lighting
- Aircraft gross weight
- and Command guidance
Dash-1 Section II
What’s the deal with Asterisk (*) items?
They do not need to be accomplished on subsequent flights by the same crew, flying the same aircraft, on the same day
Where can you find weight and balance information on the T-1?
Dash-1 Section V
1 Dash-1
Before Exterior Inspection
How long should the knife valve be open?
¼ inch minimum
Before Exterior Inspection
Should you test the AHRS battery multiple times?
No
Before Exterior Inspection
What is the fuel reading tolerance after being pressure refueled?
+/-50 lbs
Exterior Inspection
When is NWS lost?
When the mechanical disconnect pin is disconnected
Interior Inspection
What altitude do you set the Cabin Pressure Controller?
- The higher of 1,000 feet above cruise altitude or,
- 500 feet above field elevation
Interior Inspection
How low can the pneumatic pressure gage read?
Down to 1305 at 0° F
Interior Inspection
How many door locking pins are there in the entrance door?
8x
Before Starting Engines
If a GPU is not available, what power sources should be turned on?
Battery and Standby Battery
Before Starting Engines
When checking the indicator lights, which lights will not illuminate?
- Red LDG Gear unlock indicator light
- GRND COMM
- Yellow ENG START (both)
- White starter DISENGAGE button
- ELT ON annunciator
Before Starting Engines
When performing a battery start, which step of the checklist do you not complete before completing the Starting Engines Checklist?
- Fuel crossfeed
Before Starting Engines
After how many seconds of continuous pitch or roll trim engagement does the trim warning horn sound?
5 seconds
Starting Engines
At what ambient temperature is an external power unit required for engine start?
Below 5° F (-15° C)
Starting Engines
What are reasons to abort a start?
B A W N I Y C A I R O
B - Boost pump light does not light up
A - No Automatic Starter Dropout by 45% N2
W - White Starter Disengage button does not light up
N - No turbine rotation
I - ITT rises with no increase in %N2
Y - Yellow Start button does not light up
C - Throttle placed in CUTOFF
A - Anything Abnormal
I - No rise in ITT after bumping throttle to 8%
R - No N1 Rotation after throttle are in idle
O - No Oil Px indication
Starting Engines
Abort start procedures after throttles have been brought to IDLE
THROTTLE - CUTOFF
IGNITION SWITCH - OFF
STARTER - MOTOR FOR 15 SECONDS
STARTER DISENGAGE BUTTON - PRESS
Starting Engines
Abort start procedure if starter dropout doesn’t happen by 45%N2
STARTER DISENGAGE BUTTON - PRESS
If the yellow start button and white disengage button do not extinguish:
THROTTLES - CUTOFF
BATTERY - OFF
MASTER GEN (BOTH) - EMER
Starting Engines
During a generator assisted start, the operating engine must be at ___ to avoid damaging the generator.
IDLE
Starting Engines
Under what conditions must you have the Engine anti-ice turned on for taxi and takeoff?
OAT/SAT of 5° C or colder
Before Taxi
Is the AOA test accurate in the air or with flaps extended
NOPE
Before Taxi
Horizontal Stabilizer operation light
- 12 positions
- Each position powered for 0.6 seconds
Taxi
If a malfunction in the anti-skid system occurs w/ an associated loss of brakes, what should happen to recover control?
ANTI-SKID - OFF
BRAKES - AS REQUIRED
If braking is not restored:
EMER BRAKE - AS REQUIRED
Taxi
How long will do you have to wait for normal braking after testing the anti-skid system?
Approx. 4 seconds
Before Takeoff
Why do we not use engine crossfeed on takeoff, final approach, or landing?
To prevent dual engine flame out
Before Takeoff
When can you operate wing anti ice on the ground?
- Preflight testing
- Landing rollout
Before Takeoff
Crew Briefing Basics:
N E R A N A (kind of like Nirvana)
N - Normal takeoff
E - Emergency takeoff
R - Emergency Return
A - ATC cleared departure procedures
N - Noise abatement
A - Altimeter setting
(Dash-1, 2-22)
Takeoff
Static takeoff procedure:
- Line up, hold brakes
- Set power approx. 80%
- Check engine (and flight) instruments
- Release brakes and advance power to target N1
- Set TRT prior to 60 KIAS
- Both hands on control wheel at S1
- Rotate 13-15 at Vrot
Takeoff
Wake turbulence considerations
- 2 minutes (min) behind large AC or helos
- 3 minutes (min) behind Boeing 757 or heavy jet AC
- With consistent 5 knot crosswind, you can reduce the interval
- Remain above and upwind of the flightpath of the preceding AC
After Takeoff
What elevation does the performance data expect you to bring your gear up by?
50 feet AGL
After Takeoff
Dual Engine Climbout Speed:
Vco + 10
Cruise
What kind of temperature drop will reduce the Px in the O2 tank?
100° F (20% reduction)
Maximum range descent:
Idle power
Clean
0.70 IMN/ 230 KIAS (AB/BL 35,900’)
Enroute Descent:
Idle power
Speed Brakes - Out
0.70 IMN/ 250 KIAS (AB/BL 32,300’)
Penetration Descent:
Only used under 20,000’
Throttles - Idle/As Required
Speed Brakes - As Necessary (to descend & decelerate)
Airspeed - 180 KIAS
Pitch - Approx. 3° NL
Level off & reduce drag - Approx 1,000’ above desired altitude
Rapid Descent:
Throttles - Idle
Speed Brakes - Extended
0.78 IMN/ 330 KIAS (AB/BL 24,800’)
Descent Crew Briefing Minimums:
Destination
Weather
How the approach will be flown
Do you use the radio altimeter for decision heights?
Nope, used to indicate absolute altitude only
Descent
How do we set the cabin pressure?
- 500’ above landing field Px altitude
- Rate control commensurate w/ AC rate of discent
Radar downwind airspeed:
200 KIAS
Low Altitude Approach airspeed:
180 KIAS
Circling Approach airspeed:
Vapp + 10 KIAS prior to final
Use of 30° flaps after encountering icing is permitted only when:
-Icing encountered was for less than 10 min & it was warmer than -8° C
or
-A RAT of +10° C or warmer is observed during the descent, approach, or landing
What is the lowest altitude you can roll flaps to 30°?
250 AGL
Go around flap retraction speed:
Vref + 20 KIAS
Can you use aux cool with one engine running?
No
Dash-1, 2-35
Maximum Zero Fuel Weight:
13,000 lbs
Cabin Floor Loading limit:
100 lb/sq ft
Prohibited Maneuvers:
- Bank angle in excess of 60°
- Pitch attitude in excess of 30°
- Spins
- Takeoff & Landing on unprepared surfaces
Acceleration Limitations:
Flaps up: -1.0 to +3.2 G’s
Flaps out: 0 to +2.0 G’s
Maximum rate of descent at touchdown:
600 feet per minute
Taxi compatible arresting cables:
5 knots max
-BAK 9
-BAK 12
-BAK 13
(looks like they pop up from the RWY)
Quantity of Fuel Icing Inhibitor Required:
0.04 - 0.15%
GPU Limitations:
28 - 28.5 VDC
1,000-1,500 Amps
Maximum airfield Px altitude TO/LDG
10,000’
Ambient temperature range for TO/LDG
-40° C to ISA +35° C
Ambient temperature range for cruise
-65° C to ISA +35° C
