Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Science > Systems- Living Connections > Flashcards

Systems- Living Connections Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Within each cell their are structures called

A

Organelles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Examples of organs

A 
Brain
Stomach
Lungs
Heart
Skin
Kidneys
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is your circulatory system responsible for

A

It is responsible for transporting oxygen and nutrients to your body cells, and wastes such as carbon dioxide away from them. This involves blood cells that are transported in your blood vessels and heart.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the major types of blood vessel

A

Arteries which transport blood from your heart
Capillaries through which materials are exchanged with cells
Veins which transport blood back to the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the Respiratory system responsible for

A

Is responsible forgetting oxygen into your body and carbon dioxide out. This occurs when you inhale (breathe in) and exhale (breathe out).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Chemical and mechanical all digestion

A

Md- physically breaking down the food into smaller pieces.
Cd- involves the use of chemicals called enzymes to break down food into smaller molecules. These molecules can then pass through the walls of the small intestine and into the bloodstream.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Enzymes

A

Enzymes in your saliva are secreted by your salivary glands and begin the process of chemical digestion of some carbohydrates. They also speed up chemical reactions and act as a catalysts. They are also proteins.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the substance that enzymes break down?

A

Substrate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the resulting substance that enzymes break down?

A

Product

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Teeth are locked into the …. Of the jaw

A

Bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The …. Contains the nerves and blood vessels

A

Pulp

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

……. Makes up most of the tooth

A

Dentine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

…… Is the hardest substance in the body

A

Enamel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

… Surrounds the tooth, stopping food particles getting into the root

A

Gum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The …. ….. Is the channel where the nerves and blood vessels go down into the jaw bone.

A

Root canal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How much blood does an average size human have?

A

5-7 litres about a bucketful circulating the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is blood made up of

A

Red blood cells
Whit blood cells
Blood Platelets
Plasma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Why are red blood cells red?

A

Haemoglobin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

White blood cells….

A 
Contain a nucleus
Help fight diseases
Often referred to as soldiers
Less than 0.1% of blood
7000 per mm3
Colourless cytoplasm
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Blood platelets…..

A

Help the blood to clot and plug the damaged blood vessel. This seal prevents germs from getting in.
250000 per mm3
Less than 0.01% of blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Red blood cells…

A 
About 45% of blood
5-6 million per mm3
No nucleus
Cytoplasm with Haemoglobin 
Carries oxygen and carbon dioxide 
Life span is 120 days
1.7 million rbc are manufactured in the bone marrow every second.
Biconcave
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Plasma….

A 
Serum- contains 
Water
Proteins
Gases
Nutrients
Waste minerals and other substances
Fibrinogen- function
Clotting of blood
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are pig/sheep hearts used to study the anatomy of the human heart?

A

Because they are very similar and they have the same like structures of chambers.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Which body system does the heart belong to?

A

Circulatory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

How many chamber are found in the mammalian heart?

A

Four

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Which chambers are at the apex end if he heart?

A

Right and left ventricle

27
Q

Which chambers are the pumping chambers of the heart?

A

Right and left ventricles

28
Q

Which chambers are the receiving chambers of the heart?

A

Right and left atria

29
Q

How do the walls of the atria compare to the walls of the ventricles and why are they different?

A

Atria have thinner walls. The ventricles have the same type of wall but it is much thicker and muscular.

30
Q

What is peristalsis

A

Wave like muscle contractions that push the food down the oesophagus to the stomach

31
Q

Bolas

A

Is the chewed food mixed with saliva rolled into a bolus (ball).

32
Q

Chyme

A

Liquified food that’s been partially digested in the stomach.

33
Q

Multicellular organs contain

A

Systems contain organs contain tissues contain cells

34
Q

What are enzymes

A

Special chemicals that speed up reactions but are themselves not used up in the reaction.

35
Q

Epiglottis

A

Leaf like flap of cartilage behind the tongue that closes the air passage during swallowing

36
Q

Arteries

A

Transport blood from your heart
Thick elastic and muscular walls and blood high pressure away
Hollow tube (vessel)

37
Q

Veins

A

Transport blood to the heart
Thinner walls
Posses valves that prevent the blood from flowing back wards as they take blood to your heart
Hollow tube (vessel)

38
Q

Capillaries

A

Materials are exchanged between blood and cells through tiny blood vessels called capillaries that are located between arteries and veins
Most numerous and smallest vessel
Your body contains about 100,000km of capillaries, which penetrate every tissue, so no call is very far away from one.
Transport substances such as oxygen and nutrient to cells and remove wastes such as carbon dioxide.

39
Q

Peristalsis

A

Wave like muscle contractions that push the food down the oesophagus to the stomach.

40
Q

Bolus

A

Is the chewed food mixed with saliva rolled into a bolus (ball)

41
Q

Chyme

A

Liquified food that’s been partially digested in the stomach.

42
Q

Pancreas

A

Produces pancreatic juice (contains enzymes)
Cream coloured gland
Pancreatic juice Enters the small intestine
Pancreatic juice breaks down carbohydrates and proteins.

43
Q

Proteins are broken down into…

A

Amino acids

44
Q

Carbohydrates are broken down into…

A

Glucose (simple sugar)

45
Q

Liver

A 
Produces bile
Bike is stored in the gall bladder
Secreted by the bile duct
Bile breaks down fat
Largest gland in the body
46
Q

Fat breaks down into…

A

Fatty acid + glycerol

47
Q

Hydrochloric acid

A

Kills bacteria and helps digestion of proteins

48
Q

Teeth

A

Embedded in the upper and lower jaw

Enamel protects teeth from decay

49
Q

Child teeth are called…

A

Milk teeth

50
Q

Villi is…

A

Villi are shaped like fingers to maximise surface area, which increases the efficiency of nutrient absorption into the surrounding capillaries.

51
Q

Under what conditions do enzymes become denatured?

A

If enzymes become to hot they become denatured.

52
Q

Each enzyme operate under specific conditions. How do the conditions in the stomach differ from conditions in the small intestine?

A

In the stomach they work better in an acidic environment while those in the small intestine work best in alkaline conditions.

53
Q

Name the three main digestive enzymes and the food group they breakdown

A

Amylases, proteases and lipases

54
Q

What do amylases digest?

A

Carbohydrates

55
Q

What do proteases digest?

A

Proteins

56
Q

What do lipases digest?

A

Lipids

57
Q

How many litres can the stomach hold?

A

2-4 litres

58
Q

What does the oesophagus do?

A

Carry food to the stomach

59
Q

What is blood made up of?

A

Red blood cells, white blood cells, blood platelets and plasma.

60
Q

What are the two types of blood?

A

Oxygenated and deoxygenated

61
Q

Valves

A

Prevent the blood from flowing backwards and keep it going in one direction

62
Q

Explain why valves are important to the functioning of the heart

A

Valves in the heart open and close to receive and discharge blood to and from the chambers of the heart. They also stop the blood from flowing backwards.
If any of the four heart valves become faulty, the function of the heart may be impaired.

63
Q

Gall bladder

A

Bile stored here

Bile Breaks up fats into droplets small enough to be transported to the rest of the body.

64
Q

Bile emulsifies

A

Fat

Science (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions