Systems Exam 4 Pharm Flashcards
What do Diuretics treat?
HTN & CHF
Diuretics effect & adverse effects
Effect- on water balance and electrolyte balance by controlling pressure and amt of fluid in CV system
Adverse- electrolyte imbalance, orthostatic hypotension, weakness, fatigue, confusion, mood swings
What do Beta Blockers treat?
HTN, CHF, Arrhythmia, MI recovery, angina
How do beta blockers work?
bind to the heart (BETA1) and block the effects of catecholamines (epi & nor)
Beta Blockers Suffix
-olol
Beta Blockers Effect
decrease HR and blunt with exercise; decrease force of contraction
Beta Blockers Adverse Effect
decrease max exercise capacity
decrease max HR by 20-30
orthostatic hypotension
Calcium Channel Blockers Effect
- limit calcium entry into vascular smooth muscle (& heart muscle)
- vasodilator
- controls/stabilizes heart
What do Calcium Channel Blockers treat
HTN, Angina, Arrhythmias
Calcium Channel Blockers Adverse Effect
-feet swelling
-orthostatic hypotension
- altered HR (can create a diff arrhythmia)
Important thing to avoid with VASODILATORS
HEAT bc it leads to profound hypotension and increased BP
Vasodilators Action
- act on smooth muscle by inhibiting contraction
Vasodilators treat
Vasodilators adverse effect
- high bp & heart failure
- orthostatic hypotension
Digitals treat
CHF
Digitals Margin of Error
very small margin of error so a small increase can be FATAL
Digitals Adverse Effects
Digital Toxicity: fatigue, GI distress, depression, blurry vision, confusion, arrhythmias
Digitals Action
- increase myocardial contraction
- increase CO
ACE Inhibitors
Cannot produce ANG II
ACE Inhibitors Treat
HTN and Heart Failure
ACE Inhibitor suffix
-pril
ACE Inhibitor Adverse effect
dry unproductive cough
Angiotensin II Action
- Vasoconstriction
- Thickens blood vessels which chokes blood flow
Asprin Action
reduces blood clots
- inhibits platelet function and prevents arterial thrombo.
Biggest risk for asprin and anticoagulants
hemorrhage
