Systems Flashcards
What is the process of movement in the auditory system
From the cochlea to the cochlear nucleus and then the rest of the brain
What is pitch
The frequency we perceive
What 2 parts make up the outer ear
The Pina (outer structure)
And the ear canal (meatus)
What 3 free bones hold the tympanic membrane
The malleus
The incus
The stapes
By what multiplayer is volume increased by the free bones
22 x
How many rows of hair cells are on top of the basila membrane
4 (1 inner and 3 outer)
What connects stereocilia together
Lateral link connectors which hold it together
Tip links which cause a pressure wave
How much of the auditory signal is done by the inner hair cells
90%
What is the hippocampus made from
Sheets of different neuronal cells that form a C shape
Is the hippocampus a 1 way or a 2 way system
1 way
One end stimulates the other records
What happens if NMDA receptors are blocked
Memory is blocked and LTP is reduced
What is an LTP
A large excitatory response
What part of the brain commands movement
The frontal lobe
What parts of the brain are involved with movement and how
Prefrontal cortex - plans movement
Premotor cortex - organises movement sequences
Motor cortex - produces specific movements
What do pyramidal tracts initiate
Initiate voluntary movements
What is the rubrospinal tract responsible for
Upper limb control and flexion and extension
What tracts promote antigravity movement
The pontine and medullary reticulospinal tracts
What is the basal ganglia
A collection of subcortical nuclei that provides a feedback loop for the cerebral cortex
What 2 main functions does the cerebellum have in movement
Timing and correction
What are the 3 subclasses of pain
Acute
Subchronic
Chronic or clinical
What is hyperalgesia
An enhanced perception of pain
What happens to people with mutations in sodium channel 1.7
They experience pain more/less strongly
What type of neuron reacts to mild skin pain
A gamma
What receptor reacts to non painful skin touch
A beta neurons
