Diseases Of The Nervous System

Question 1

What is a channelopathy

Answer 1

A disease associated with an ion channel

Question 2

What does long QT syndrome do

Answer 2

Lengthens the ECG QT duration causing a slower depolarisation of action potentials

Question 3

Does epilepsy involve a loss or gain of function and in what

Answer 3

Loss of function in some sodium gated ion channels that would inhibit excitatory neurons

Question 4

What do mutations in the SCN4A gene do

Answer 4

Feel more or less pain depending on the mutation

Question 5

What does increasing Rm do

Answer 5

Membrane resistance. Makes it harder for current to leave the cell

Question 6

Give 2 examples of peripheral demyelinating disorders

Answer 6

1. Guillain barre syndrome
2. CIDP
3. Charcot-Marie-tooth disease

Question 7

What are the 4 varieties of multiple sclerosis and what proportion of sufferers do they effect

Answer 7

1. Relapsing remitting MS (85%)
2. Secondary progressive MS (some people with RRMS develop this later)
3. Primary progressive MS (10%)
   Progressive relapsing MS (5%)

Question 8

What physical signs can be seen on people with schizophrenia

Answer 8

Enlarged ventricles and a reduced temporal lobe

Question 9

What are the three main varieties of classical depression

Answer 9

1. Depression
2. Mania
3. Bipolar disorder

Question 10

What hormones are reduced in people with depression

Answer 10

Seratonin and noradrenaline

Question 11

Where is dopamine produced

Answer 11

The substantial niagra

Question 12

What causes huntingtons disease

Answer 12

A dominant gene when too many CAG repeats (more then 34 normally) are present

Question 13

What does a person need to have to be diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease

Answer 13

3/4 of the following
1. Tremor when resting
2. Bradykinesia
3. Rigidity
4. Postula instability

Question 14

What is the main pathological marker for Alzheimer’s disease

Answer 14

Amyloid plaques - large neurotoxin aggregates of insoluble amyloid protein