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MOS > Systemic Vasculitis > Flashcards

Systemic Vasculitis Flashcards

1
Q

Examples of Systemic Vasculitides

A 
Giant Cell Arteritis
IgA vasculitis
Polyarteritis Nodosa
Buergers
Kawasaki
Takayasu
ANCA (GPA, EGPA, MPA)
Lupus
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Sarcoidosis
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2
Q

When should you suspect a Vasculitis

A

Multisystem involvement
Constitutional symptoms (fever, weight loss)
High ESR or CRP
Small-vessel involvement (kidney, lungs, skin, etc.)

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3
Q

Examples of LARGE Vessel vasculitis (2 total)

A

Temporal (Giant Cell) Arteritis

Takayasu Arteritis

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4
Q

Examples of MEDIUM Vessel vasculitis (2 total)

A

Polyarteritis Nodosa

Kawasaki Disease

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5
Q

Examples of SMALL Vessel vasculitis (3 total)

A

IgA Vasculitis (Henoch-Schonlein)
Cryoglobulinemic
ANCA (GPA, EGPA and MPA)

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6
Q

IgA Vasculitis (Henoch-Schonlein)
Cryoglobulinemic
ANCA (GPA, EGPA and MPA)

A

PR3; GPA

cytoplasmic

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7
Q

p-ANCA is an antibody targeted against (PR3/MPO) and associated with (GPA/MPA)

A

MPO; MPA

perinuclear

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8
Q

ANCA is usually associated with (Crohn’s/UC)

A

UC

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9
Q

Systemic Vasculitis; c-ANCA (PR3) associated; SMALL vessels; involves the Upper and Lower respiratory tract and glomerulonephritis

A

Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (GPA)

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10
Q

GPA is usually associated with what organ systems

A

RESPIRATORY

Kidney (glomerulonephritis)

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11
Q

Signs/Symptoms of GPA

A

Saddle-nose deformity
Lung nodules/cavitations
Lung hemorrhage
Pauci-immune glomerulonephritis

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12
Q

Systemic Vasculitis; p-ANCA and SMALL vessel associated; prodrome of allergic/asthma symptoms (~5 years), followed by eosinophilia and systemic manifestations

A

Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (EGPA)

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13
Q

EGPA is usually associated with what organ systems

A

RESPIRATORY (Rhinitis, Asthma, Pulmonary Infiltrates)
CNS (sensorimotor polyneuropathy)
Skin (petechiae/purpura)

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14
Q

Signs/Symptoms of EGPA

A 
Rhinitis
Asthma
Pulmonary Infiltrates
Sensorimotor Polyneuropathy
Petechiae
Purpura
Arhtralgias/Arthritis
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15
Q

How can you differentiate between GPA and EGPA

A

GPA: Common, c-ANCA, necrotizing granulomas
EGPA: Uncommon, p-ANCA, eosinophilic granulomas, Rhinitis

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16
Q

Systemic Vasculitis; ANCA and SMALL vessel associated; NON-GRANULOMATOUS; can involve the pulmonary-renal system with hemorrhage or nephritis

A

Microscopic Polyangiitis

17
Q

How can you tell between a GPA and MPA

A

GPA: Granulomas
MPA: No Granulomas

18
Q

Treatments for ANCA Vasculitides (GPA, EGPA, MPA)

A

HIGH dose steroids

Immunosuppression

19
Q

Systemic Vasculitis; SMALL vessel involvement; most common in CHILDREN; usually occurs after an Upper Respiratory Tract Infection; shows Purpura, Arthralgias, Hematuria and possible Abdominal pain

A

IgA (Henoch-Schonlein) Vasculitis

20
Q

Signs/Symptoms of IgA Vasculitis

A 
Purpura
Arthralgias
Hematuria
Abdominal pain
Hematochezia
21
Q

Systemic Vasculitis; SMALL vessel involvement; involves immunoglobulins (IgM) that precipitate at LOW temperatures and deposit into vessels, causing inflammation and tissue damage; always involves the SKIN and most patients are Rheumatoid Factor positive and low C4; most common cause is chronic Hepatitis C

A

Cryoglobulinemic Vasculitis

22
Q

Lab findings for Cryoglobulinemic Vasculitis

A

Rheumatoid Factor

low C4

23
Q

Most common chronic infection involved with Cryoglobulinemic Vasculitis

A

Hep C

24
Q

Which immunoglobulin is usually associated with Cryoglobulinemia

A

IgM

25
Q

Treatment for Cryoglobulinemic Vasculitis

A

High dose steroids
Rituximab
Plasmapheresis

26
Q

Systemic Vasculitis; MEDIUM vessel involvement; INSIDIOUS onset, arthralgia/myalgia, renal ANEURYSMS and with NEUROPATHY

A

Polyarteritis Nodosa

27
Q

Signs/Symptoms of Polyarteritis Nodosa

A

NEUROPATHY
Renal aneurysms
Purpura/Livedo
Arthralgias/Myalgias

28
Q

Which Vasculitis is associated with NEUROPATHY

A

Polyarteritis Nodosa

29
Q

Giant Cell Arteritis usually involves (old/young) patients and their (Temporal/Aortic) arteries

A

Old (>50); Temporal

30
Q

Takayasu Arteritis usually involves (old/young) patients and their (Temporal/Aortic) arteries

A

Young (<50); Aortic

31
Q

Systemic Vasculitis; LARGE vessel involvement; seen in OLDER patients; symptoms of Polymyalgia Rheumatica predates; involves the TEMPORAL artery, so has symptoms of Temporal headache, jaw claudication and VISION LOSS

A

Giant Cell (Temporal) Arteritis

32
Q

Signs/Symptoms of Giant Cell (Temporal) Arteritis

A 
Polymyalgia Rheumatica (prodrome)
Temporal headache
Jaw Claudication
Scalp Tenderness
VISION LOSS
33
Q

Most worrisome consequence of Giant Cell Arteritis

A

Blindness

34
Q

Treatment for Giant Cell (Temporal) Arteritis

A

HIGH dose steroids (Prednisone)

Solumedrol (visual compromise)

35
Q

Systemic Vasculitis; LARGE vessel involvement; seen in YOUNG Asian patients; involves the Aortic Arch vessels; symptoms relate to limb claudication (unequal BPs, Pulses diminished, limb pain)

A

Takayasu (Pulseless Arch) Arteritis

36
Q

Signs/Symptoms of Takayasu Arteritis

A

Unequal limb BPs
Diminished pulses
Limb pain (ischemia)

37
Q

Treatments for Takayasu (Pulseless Arch) Arteritis

A 
Prednisone
Sugery (bypass occluded vessels)

(can also use MTX or Mycophenolate)

38
Q

Drugs that can induce a Vasculitis (4 total)

A

Cocaine
Minocycline
PTU
Hydralazine

39
Q

What diseases can mimic a Vasculitis

A 
Infective Endocarditis
Mycotic Aneurysms
Fibromuscular Dysplasia
Emboli
Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome

MOS (7 decks)

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