Systemic Renal Diseases

Question 0

Diabetic Nephropathy

Answer 0

Hyperglycemia makes AGE advanced glycation end products
increased GFR and glomerular hypertrophy
hypertension
microalbuminemia to macroalbuminuria BM & mesangium thicken
Kimmelstiel Wilson nodules
Hyaline efferent arteriole

Question 1

SLE systemic lupus erythematosus

Answer 1

Female African-Americans 20 to 30 y/o
Malar butterfly rash and discoid rash 
ANA antinuclear antibodies
6 classes of SLE 
Progressive increase in immune complexes in mesangium, then sub endothelial then sub epithelial
Begin w/ proteinuria, then hematuria
Class IV worse and most common: crescents, hypertension, edema
BM thickens

Question 2

Amyloidosis

Answer 2

Aggregation and deposition of amyloid proteins
Primary amyloidosis AL protein: IG light chain from B cells and plasma cells cause multiple myeloma
Secondary amyloidosis AA protein: non-IG inflammatory protein causes rheumatoid arthritis, inflam bowel disease, and ankylosing spondylitis
Red Congo stain visualization
liver gets big, gray, firm, and waxy
BM and mesangium thicken