systemic disease Flashcards
systemic lupus erythematosus
cause: type 3 hypersensitivity : antigen/anibody complex (immune mediated) that affects the entire body due to Anti - DNA-antibodies
testing: (+) ANA
who: females (20-30s)
most common symptoms:
DR RHINAL
D- discoid lupus
R-rash (malar/butterfly)
R-renal disorder
H- hemolytic anemia
I - immunological disorder
N- neurological issues (seizures)
A- arthritis
L - light sensitivity
how does it affect the eye?
dry eye (most common)
recurrent episcleritis
peripheral keratitis (infiltrates)
photophobia
ONH edema / papilledema
Rheumatoid Arthritis
cause: systemic inflammation that leads to symmetric arthritis and destruction of articular cartilage in small joints
testing: (+) RF factor
who: 40-50 yo F
signs/symptoms:
- symptoms worse in the morning and gets better as you move more
how does it affect the eye :
- dry eye
- episcleral nodules
- peripheral keratitis
- peripheral corneal ulceration
- *scleromalacia perforans (necrotizing scleritis- blue sclera w/o inflammation- ie. NO PAIN)
- retinal vasculitis
- choroiditis
- retinal detachment
- macular edema
- papilledema
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
cause: autoimmune
testing: (-)RF , (+) ANA
who: young females , can be as young as under 6yo
sign/symptoms:
- affects 1 to multiple joints
(those with only 1 joint affected more likely to have ocular manifestation)
- low grade fever
how does it affect the eyes:
uveitis - MOST COMMON CAUSE OF UVEITIS IN KIDS
(usually presents as bilateral chronic non-granulomatous and asymptomatic , anterior)
Sjogrens Syndrome
cause: autoimmune
testing:
Anti- SSA, biopsy of salivary glands
- if have this do testing for malignant B cell lymphoma ( higher chance in primary)
who: 40-60 yo female
sign/symptoms:
2 types:
- primary: dry eye + dry mouth
- secondary: dry eye + dry mouth+arthritis (autoimmune CT disease)
how does it affect the eyes:
dry eyes
Sarcoid
cause: idiopathic
testing:
- look for non-caseating granulomas
- high serum ACE ( 40% can have normal ACE)
- chest x-ray
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