syria

Question 1

Role of UN in Syria: JIM

Answer 1

Joint investigative mechanism
investigated use of chemical weapons in Ghouta suburb or Damascus (2013)
found syrian government responsible and the chemical weapons were destroyed

Question 2

Role of UN in Syria: promoting peace

Answer 2

2016 ceasefire between government and oppositional forces
agreement was supported by USA and Russia and led to decreased fighting in some areas
some violence did resume however new plans e.g. peace talks in Geneva and sponsorship of a constitutional committee

Question 3

role of UN in syria: Astana peace process

Answer 3

2018 the UN co sponsored the Astana peace process with Russia and Iran
crated de escalation zones
reduces violence but does not address root causes

Question 4

role of EU in syria

Answer 4

enforces sanctions in 2011 after killing of protestors
display of soft power and weakens economy but impacts civilians too

Question 5

2011 uprising

Answer 5

Regime of Bashar Al Assad
Syria was a single party state and the regime was accused of many human rights abuses.
Freedom of expression limited and media was tightly controlled
An estimated 3000 political prisoners in 2009

Question 6

Role of Russia in Syria

Answer 6

Provided arms to Bashar Al Assad
Russia blocked UN intervention - a display of superpower
Carried out air strikes on Syria in September 2015 targeting anti Assad rebels

Question 7

Role of USA in Syria

Answer 7

USA withdraws troops from Northern Syria in 2019 promoting Turkey to attack US Kurdish allies in the area
extorted hard power military force by entering in 2015