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CHEMISTRY A LEVEL > SYNTHETIC ROUTES - ALIPHATIC, AROMATIC, PHENOLS > Flashcards

SYNTHETIC ROUTES - ALIPHATIC, AROMATIC, PHENOLS Flashcards

1
Q

What are the reagents and conditions needed to turn an Alkane into a haloalkane

A

Halogen eg. Bromine

UV

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2
Q

What are the reagents and conditions needed to turn an Haloalkane into an alcohol

A

NaOH

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3
Q

What are the reagents and conditions needed to turn an Primary Alcohol into an aldehyde

A

K2Cr2O7

Distillation

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4
Q

What are the reagents and conditions needed to turn an Primary Alcohol into a Carboxylic acid

A

K2Cr2O7/ H2SO4

Reflux

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5
Q

What are the reagents and conditions needed to turn an Aldehyde into a carboxylic acid

A

K2Cr2O7 / H2SO4

Reflux

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6
Q

What are the reagents and conditions needed to turn an carboxylic acid into an acyl chloride

A

SOCl2

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7
Q

What are the reagents and conditions needed to turn an Acyl chloride into a carboxylic acid

A

H2O

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8
Q

What are the reagents and conditions needed to turn an Aldehyde into a primary Alcohol

A

NaBH4

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9
Q

What are the reagents and conditions needed to turn an Alcohol into a haloalkane

A

Sodium Halide / H2SO4

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10
Q

What are the reagents and conditions needed to turn an Alcohol into a Alkene

A

H3PO4 or H2SO4

Heat

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11
Q

What are the reagents and conditions needed to turn an Alkene into an Alcohol

A

H2O (Steam)

H3PO4

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12
Q

What are the reagents and conditions needed to turn an Alkene into a haloalkane

A

Hydrogen Halide

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13
Q

What are the reagents and conditions needed to turn an Alkene into an alkane

A

H2 / Ni

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14
Q

What are the reagents and conditions needed to turn an Alcohol into an Ester

A

Carboxylic acid / Conc. H2SO4
OR
Acid Anhydride

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15
Q

What are the reagents and conditions needed to turn an Ester into a carboxylate

A

OH-

Heat

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16
Q

What are the reagents and conditions needed to turn an ester into a Carboxylic acid

A

Dilute acid

Heat

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17
Q

What are the reagents and conditions needed to turn an carboxylic acid into an Ester

A

Alcohol / Conc. H2SO4

18
Q

What are the reagents and conditions needed to turn an Acyl Chloride into an ester

19
Q

What are the reagents and conditions needed to turn an acyl chloride into a primary amide

20
Q

What are the reagents and conditions needed to turn an acyl chloride into a secondary amide

A

Primary amine

21
Q

What are the reagents and conditions needed to turn a haloalkane into a Nitrile

A

CN- / Ethanol

22
Q

What are the reagents and conditions needed to turn a haloalkane into a Amine

A

NH3 / Ethanol

23
Q

What are the reagents and conditions needed to turn a nitrile into an amine

24
Q

What are the reagents and conditions needed to turn a nitrile into a Carboxylic acid

A

H2O / HCl

Heat

25
Q

What are the reagents and conditions needed to turn an hydroxynitrile into an Amine

26
Q

What are the reagents and conditions needed to turn a Ketone into a Hydroxynitrile

A

NaCN (aq)
H+ (aq)

27
Q

What are the reagents and conditions needed to turn a secondary alcohol into a Ketone

A

K2Cr2O7 / H2SO4

Reflux

28
Q

What are the reagents and conditions needed to turn a Ketone into a secondary alcohol

29
Q

What are the reagents and conditions needed to turn an Aldehyde into a Hydroxynitrile

A

NaCN (aq)
H+ (aq)

30
Q

What are the reagents and conditions needed to turn a hydroxynitrile into a carboxylic acid

A

H2O / HCl, Heat

31
Q

What are the reagents needed to turn benzene into methyl-benzene

A

CH3Cl / AlCl3

32
Q

What are the reagents needed to turn benzene into bromobenzene

A

Br2 / AlBr3 or Fe or FeBr3

33
Q

What are the reagents needed to turn benzene into Chlorobenzene

A

Cl2 / AlCl3 or Fe or FeCl3

34
Q

What are the reagents needed to turn benzene into nitrobenzene

A

Conc. HNO3
Conc H2SO4

35
Q

What are the reagents needed to turn benzene into acetophenone

A

CH3COCl
AlCl3

36
Q

What are the reagents needed to turn Acetophenone into 1-phenylethanol

37
Q

What are the reagents needed to turn nitrobenzene into Phenylamine

A

Sn/conc. HCl

38
Q

What are the reagents needed to turn phenylamine into 2,4,6-Tribromophenylamine

39
Q

What are the reagents needed to turn Phenol into 2,4,6-Tribromophen ol

40
Q

What are the reagents needed to turn Phenol into Sodium phenoxide

41
Q

What are the reagents needed to turn Phenol into either 2-nitrophenol or 4-nitrophenol

A

Dilute HNO3

CHEMISTRY A LEVEL (14 decks)

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