Syntax

Question 1

What is syntax?

Answer 1

The studying of word relationships and how they are arranged into sentences.

Question 2

Constituent analysis

Answer 2

How small parts combine to create larger parts

Question 3

What are the 4 phrase types?

Answer 3

Noun phrase (NP)
Verb phrase (VP)
Adjective phrase (AP)
Prepositional phrase (PP)

Question 4

NP

Answer 4

Functions like a noun

e.x. The car, a clever student, Sylvester

PN = proper noun

Question 5

VP

Answer 5

Functions like a verb

E.x. Study hard, play the guitar, sleep

Question 6

AP

Answer 6

Functions like an adjective

E.x. Pretty, very tall, quite certain

Question 7

PP

Answer 7

Starts with a preposition [in/on/with/under/etc]

E.x. In the class, above the earth, under every spreading tree

Question 8

List the basic phrase structure rules

Answer 8

S —> NP VP

NP —> (Det) (Adj) N/Pro/PN

VP —> (aux) V (NP) (PP) (Adv)

PP —> Prep NP

Question 9

How to indicate tense in a tree diagram

Answer 9

Indicate with + past or - past under S in tree