synovial fluid

Question 1

Viscous fluid surround the _______

Answer 1

Diarthroses

Question 2

Viscosity is due to polymerization of hyaluronic acid (produced
by___________

Answer 2

synoviocytes

Question 3

non-inflammatory

Answer 3

clear,yellow fluid
good viscosity
WBC: <1000 uL
Neutro: <30%
similar to blood glucose

Question 4

inflammatory

Answer 4

cloudy, yellow fluid
poor viscocity
WBC: 2000-75,000 uL
Neutro: >50%
decrease glucose level
possible antibodies

Question 5

normal volume

Answer 5

<3.5 mL

Question 6

leukocyte count of synovial:

Answer 6

<200 cells/uL

Question 7

neutrophils in synovial:

Answer 7

<25% of the differential

Question 8

GLUCOSE: PLASMA
DIFFERENCE

Answer 8

<10mg/dL lower than the blood
glucose level

Question 9

TOTAL PROTEIN

Answer 9

<3mg/dL

Question 10

order of tubes

Answer 10

1. chemical exam
2. microscopic exam
3. microbiological exam

Question 11

tip to prevent false decrease values by glycolysis

Answer 11

1. examined after 1 hr
2. preserved with SODIUM FLOURIDE

Question 12

COLOR AND CLARITY for normal

Answer 12

colorless to pale yello

Question 13

COLOR AND CLARITY: deeper yellow

Answer 13

inflammation

Question 14

COLOR AND CLARITY: greenish-tinge

Answer 14

bacterial infection

Question 15

COLOR AND CLARITY:red

Answer 15

traumatic tap or hemorragic athritis

Question 16

COLOR AND CLARITY: turbid

Answer 16

wbc, synovial cell dibris, fibrin

Question 17

COLOR AND CLARITY: milky

Answer 17

crystals

Question 18

normal viscocity: forms a string on the tip of syringe:

Answer 18

4-6 mm long

Question 19

hyaluronic acid level

Answer 19

0.3-0.4 g/dL

Question 20

otherwise known as hyluronate polymerization tes

Answer 20

ropes test or mucin clot test

Question 21

reagent for rope/mucin clot test

Answer 21

2 to 5% acetic acid

Question 22

total normal leukocyte count of synovial

Answer 22

<200/uL

Question 23

toal abnormal leukocyte count of synovial

Answer 23

> 100,000/uL;severe infection

Question 24

diluting fluid

Answer 24

1.NSS with methylene blue
2. hypotomic saline (0.4%)
3. saline with saponin

Question 25

wbc differential for MONOCYTE AND MACROPHAGE

Answer 25

65%

Question 26

wbc differential for NEUTROPHILS

Answer 26

<25%

Question 27

wbc differential for LYMPHOCYTES

Answer 27

<15%

Question 28

RBC COUNT/TOTAL CELL COUNT

Answer 28

<2,000/uL

Question 29

has vacuolated macrophage with ingested neutrophil

Answer 29

reiter cell

Question 30

neutrophils that is dark, small,cytoplasmic granules consist of rheumatoid factor

Answer 30

Ragocyte

Question 31

neutriphil: round body

Answer 31

LE cell

Question 32

monocyte that have engulfed nuclear material

Answer 32

tart cell

Question 33

resemble mesothelial cell

Answer 33

synovial lining cell

Question 34

large, mononuclecated cell

Answer 34

cartilage cell

Question 35

debris from metal and plastic joint prosthesis LOOK LIKE GROUND PEPPER

Answer 35

OCHRONOtic shards

Question 36

monosodium urate/uric acid

Answer 36

APPEARANCE: needlike like SIGNIFICANCE: gout COMP.POLARIZED LIGHT: yellow Berefringence: negatice

Question 37

calcium pyrophosphate

Answer 37

APPEARANCE: rhomboid square,rods, needle like SIGNIFICANT: pseudogout Birefrigence: positive

Question 38

normal lactate

Answer 38

<250 mg/dL

Question 39

normal glucose

Answer 39

<10 mg/dL

Question 40

normal protein

Answer 40

<3 g/dL